this study compared the different effects of form-focused guided planning vs. meaning-focused guided planning on iranian pre-intermediate students’ task performance. the study lasted for three weeks and concentrated on eight english structures. forty five pre-intermediate iranian students were randomly assigned to three groups of guided planning focus-on-form group (gpfg), guided planning focus...

introduction acetic acid bacteria are large group of obligate aerobic gram negative bacteria with the ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid (1). they are widely distributed in natural habitats and classified in family acetobacteraceae. members of this family are useful in industrial production of vinegar(2). acetic acid bacteria (aab) can use substrates as glucose, ethanol, lactate or glyc...

malgré l’influence indéniable de l’étendu du vocabulaire sur le niveau de maîtrise des apprenants, connaitre un grand nombre d’unités lexicales ne suffit pas au perfectionnement dans la production langagière. la connaissance lexicale peut être active et productive ou passive et réceptive. notre objectif est de trouver une solution pour enseigner un vocabulaire actif et disponible. dans le pre...

nitric oxide (no) is a small molecule synthesized by most of mammalian cells with diverse biological activities including vasodilatation, host defense and wound healing. impaired wound healing is a common occurrence among diabetics and patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy. on the other hand the application of laser in biomedical area have been increased. thus, the current studies were desi...

le xvii siècle en france a véritablement été celui dun changement dans la production dramatique: il a vu lexplosion des productions variées et complémentaires nées des progrès de la technique et des transformations de toute une société en pleine mutation. aussi loin que remontent ses origines, la comédie nest pas à proprement parler un genre littéraire. il faut attendre le siècle dor du théâtr...

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