Intra-household Resource Allocation: Do Parents Reduce or Reinforce Child Cognitive Ability Gaps? Do parents invest more or less in their high ability children? We provide new evidence on this question by comparing observed ability differences and observed investment differences between siblings in the NLSY. To overcome endogeneity issues we use sibling differences in handedness as an instrumen...

The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the World Development Report 2012 team, the World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent

UNLABELLED ᅟ: There are many existing methodologies on measuring health equity, while seldom has method aiming at health resource allocation. We collected 6 method of measuring equity in health resource allocation. This paper presents key contents of methods on measuring horizontal equity in health service allocation, yet each method has its advantages and disadvantages as well as range of appl...

The journal Cost-Effectiveness and Resource Allocation (CERA) is now in its seventh year, and is an excellent example of how open access publishing can improve dissemination. Now the journal is through its infancy, it is time to reflect on its orientation and to define the strategy for the years to come. Firstly, the journal will pay particular attention to stimulating and publishing studies or...

Since the 1976 appointment of the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP), health care equity has been an explicit goal of resource allocation within the NHS. According to this principle, health care resources should be geographically distributed to ensure ‘equal opportunity of access to health care for people at equal risk’. RAWP was superseded by the Resource Allocation Group in 1995, which ...

introduction conventional operations in fields, soil and water management are not efficient and loss of and damage to the environment are considerable (lal, 2000). crop diversity and understanding the complex interactions between environmental and socioeconomic factors are approaches to make better use of limited resources (tengberg et al., 1998). the most diverse ecosystems have a higher produ...

Assuming key trade-offs among interactors, several models (resource ratio, keystone predation, intraguild predation) predict changes in species composition over resource supply gradients. Ecological stoichiometry could also predict compositional shifts of grazers over gradients of nutrient and light supply through a mechanism involving (mis)matches between elemental body composition of grazers ...

Ecological theory and evidence suggest that plant community biomass and composition may often be jointly controlled by climatic water availability and soil nutrient supply. To the extent that such colimitation operates, alterations in water availability caused by climatic change may have relatively little effect on plant communities on nutrient-poor soils. We tested this prediction with a 5-y r...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS A phalanx growth form enables clonal plants to make better use of resource-rich patches, whereas a guerrilla growth form provides them with opportunities to escape from resource-poor sites. Leymus secalinus produces both spreading (guerrilla form) and clumping ramets (phalanx form). Here, the hypothesis that a trade-off between the two growth forms in L. secalinus exists und...