cialist in the medical critical care/pulmonary unit at Christiana Care Health System in Newark, Delaware. history of smoking along with chronic respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and bronchiectasis. Other patient-related factors that may contribute include smoking, immobility, sedation, muscle weakness, and dehydration. A mucous plug occ...

BackgroundWe aimed to compare the efficacy of nebulized hypertonic (3%, 5% and 7%) saline with normal saline in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis.Materials and MethodsIn this triple-blinded randomized clinical trial, 120 children with moderate to severe bronchiolitis randomly assigned into four groups to receive nebulized normal saline (group A),  saline 3% (group B), saline 5% (gro...

statement of problem: sodium hypochlorite (naocl) have been widely used as an irrigant since it has been introduced to endodontics by walker in 1936, because of its bleaching, deodorizing and tissue dissolving properties. it should be used clinically in concentrations of 3% to 5%. purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the naocl to eliminate enterococcus faecalis (e...

introduction: sinusitis is one of the most common diseases in general and in otolaryngology practice, but the optimal therapeutic options have not yet been fully developed. this manuscript will try to compare normal saline nasal douching with hypertonic saline in reducing symptoms and improving its signs. materials and methods: one hundred and fourteen patients suffering from non acute rhinosin...

background: severe metabolic acidosis occurs during orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) particularly during the anhepatic phase. although nahco3 is considered as the current standard therapy, there are numerous adverse effects. the aim of this study was to determine whether the restricted use of normal saline during anesthesia could reduce the need for nahco3. methods: in this study we enrol...