Logic is a celebrated representation language because of its formal generality. But there are two senses in which a logic may be considered general, one that concerns a technical ability to discriminate between different types of individuals, and another that concerns constitutive norms for reasoning as such. This essay embraces the former, permutation-invariance conception of logic and rejects...

Default logic is one of the best known and most studied of the approaches to nonmonotonic reasoning. Subsequently, several variants of default logic have been proposed to give systems with properties differing from the original. In this paper we show that these variants are in a sense superfluous, in that for any of these variants of default logic, we can exactly mimic the behaviour of a varian...

Over the past few decades, non-monotonic reasoning has developed to be one of the most important topics in computational logic and artificial intelligence. The non-monotonicity here refers to the fact that, while in usual (monotonic) reasoning adding more axioms leads to potentially more possible conclusions, in non-monotonic reasoning adding new facts to a knowledge base may prevent previously...

Nonmonotonic grew out attempts to the essential of common-sense It resulted a number important formalisms, most known them being circumsctiption method McCarthy [loll, default theory Reiter [136], autoepistemic Zogic Moore 11041. a systematic of these see the published Marek Truszczyfiski [98].) of the features of programming is it can support nonmonotonic means of literals. Many introduced the...

Existing formalisms for default reasoning capture some aspects of the nonmonotonicity of human com-monsense reasoning. However, Perlis has shown that one of these formalisms, circumscription, is subject to certain counterintuitive limitations. Kraus and Perlis suggested a partial solution, but signiicant problems remain. In this paper, we observe that the unfortunate limitations of circumscript...

We explore a family of supraclassical consequence relations obtained by varying the criteria according to which counterexamples to classical entailment may be deemed tolerable. This provides a different perspective on the rational consequence relations of nonmonotonic logic, as well as introducing new kinds of entailment with a diversity of potential contextual applications.

This article introduces technology choice into a Hotelling model of spatial competition. This yields two entry deterrence devices, as well as complex strategic choices for the firms and a rich picture of industry structure. Depending on cost parameters and market size, firms may choose to over-invest or to under-invest. Industry structure is typically asymmetric either in terms of the locations...

In this paper, I present two adaptive logics for Wísniewski’s notion of question evocation. The first is based on an erotetic extension of Classical Logic, the second on an erotetic extension of S5. For both logics, I present the semantics and the dynamic proof theory. The latter is especially important in view of the fact that question evocation is a non-monotonic relation for which there is n...

In the paper [4] a structure of operation locally internal on some subset of domain is given. Here we present additional properties of such operation and sufficient conditions to obtain such operation.

For a Köthe sequence space, the classes of Λ0-nuclear spaces and spaces with the Λ0-property are introduced and studied and the relation between them is investigated. Also, we show that, for Λ0 6= c0, these classes of spaces are in general different from the corresponding ones for Λ0 = c0, which have been extensively studied in the non-archimedean literature (see, for example, [1]–[6]).