We show that the position-momentum duality offers a transparent interpretation of band geometry at topological crossings. Under this duality, with Berry connection is dual to free-electron motion under gauge field. This identifies trace quantum metric as energy in momentum space. The crossings defects thus induce quantization metric. For $\mathbb{Z}$ nodal-point and nodal-surface semimetals thr...

Ascidians are invertebrate chordates with a simple larval tadpole form containing a notochord and an overlying dorsal neural tube. As in vertebrates, the neural tube of ascidian larvae displays positional differences along the rostral-caudal and dorsal-ventral axes in terms of neuronal cell types generated, morphology and gene expression. However, how these differences are established in this s...

In this study, inverse nodal problem is solved for the p-Laplacian operator with two potential functions. We present some asymptotic formulas which have been proved in [17,18] for the eigenvalues, nodal points and nodal lengths, provided that a potential function is unknown. Then, using the nodal points we reconstruct the potential function and its derivatives. We also introduce a solution of i...

Rapid action potential propagation in myelinated axons requires Na⁺ channel clustering at nodes of Ranvier. However, the mechanism of clustering at CNS nodes remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the assembly of nodes of Ranvier in the CNS involves three mechanisms: a glia-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) complex containing proteoglycans and adhesion molecules that cluster NF186, para...

The origin of the idea of moving objects by acoustic vibration can be traced back to 1787, when Ernst Chladni reported the first detailed studies on the aggregation of sand onto nodal lines of a vibrating plate. Since then and to this date, the prevailing view has been that the particle motion out of nodal lines is random, implying uncontrollability. But how random really is the out-of-nodal-li...

VMAT is an important tool in the treatment of head and neck cancers, many of which also require treatment to the supraclavicular lymph nodes. However, full VMAT arcs treating this nodal region necessarily cause entrance beam to pass through patients' shoulders. Thus, interfractional variations in shoulder position may cause unwanted dose perturbations. To assess this possibility, six patients u...

The vertebrate brain develops from a bilaterally symmetric neural tube but later displays profound anatomical and functional asymmetries. Despite considerable progress in deciphering mechanisms of visceral organ laterality, the genetic pathways regulating brain asymmetries are unknown. In zebrafish, genes implicated in laterality of the viscera (cyclops/nodal, antivin/lefty and pitx2) are coexp...