Commercially available lipid-based transfection reagents are widely used to deliver DNA to cells. However, these lipid-based transfection reagents show poor gene transfer efficiency in primary cells. Here, we demonstrate a simple method to improve gene transfer efficiency in primary fibroblasts and hepatoblasts using a combination of lipid-based transfection reagents. Our data show that combine...

This chapter details the design and optimization of biosensors based on a design used successfully to study nucleotide loading of small GTPase proteins in living cells. This design can be generalized to study many other protein activities, using a single, genetically encoded chain incorporating the protein to be studied, an "affinity reagent" which binds only to the activated form of the target...

Carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bond-forming reactions of amines with aryl halides to generate arylamines (anilines), mediated by a stoichiometric copper reagent at elevated temperature (>180°C), were first described by Ullmann in 1903. In the intervening century, this and related C-N bond-forming processes have emerged as powerful tools for organic synthesis. Here, we report that Ullmann C-N coupling ca...

This report details the first organocatalytic method for nitrenoid transfer and its application to intermolecular, site-selective C(sp)–H amination. The method utilizes a trifluoromethyl iminium salt as the catalyst, iminoiodinanes as the nitrogen source, and substrate as the limiting reagent. Activated, benzylic, and aliphatic substrates can all be selectively functionalized in yields up to 87...

The biotinylating reagent succinimidyl 6-(biotinamido)hexanoate was used to label the cell surfaces of the cosmopolitan, marine, eukaryotic microorganism Emiliania huxleyi under different growth conditions. Proteins characteristic of different nutrient conditions could be identified. In particular, a nitrogen-regulated protein, nrp1, has an 82-kDa subunit that is present under nitrogen limitati...

The CuH-catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes and alkynes using a silane and an amine transfer reagent represents a simple strategy to access chiral amine products. We have recently reported methods to prepare chiral amines with high efficiency and stereoselectivity using this approach. However, the current technology is limited to the synthesis of trialkylamines from dialkylamine transfer reagen...

J. Inst. Brew. 115(2), 122–127, 2009 In this study we present a ninhydrin based microwell assay that can be utilized in place of the traditional Kjeldahl method for the determination of the protein content of beer or wine. In addition, the assay is ideal for the determination of free amino acids in beer (FAN), a term understood and used by brewers, and yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) used by e...