OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether smoking is a risk factor for female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and to determine the relationship between the cumulative smoking dose and FSD in premenopausal women. METHODS The study population consisted of sexually active premenopausal women. The frequency of FSD and female sexual function index (FSFI) total score were evaluated according to the smoking status (ne...

Nowadays, smoking is considered to be one of the unhealthiest human behaviours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential influence of smoking, as well as the degree of the addiction, on the health status of hard dental tissues in young adults. The study involved 148 randomly selected young adults. Mean age of the study subjects was 20 years ± 4 months. Questionnaire survey (6-grade F...

this study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the persian version of simons and gaher's distress tolerance scale(dts) by administering it to nicotine dependent students of tehran university.in a descriptive cross-sectional study, 317 nicotine dependent students of tehran university who were selected, using available sampling method, completed dts, coping with stress- revised(cs-r), ...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smokers have their own motivation and justification to smoke. For example, smoking reduces their stress or enhances their pleasure. This study aimed to identify the (a) prevalence of cigarette smokers among undergraduates in Malaysia, (b) gender differences in nicotine dependence among current smokers, (c) differences in psychological problems (depression, anxiety and stres...

Neuronal nAChR upregulation is the hallmark of chronic nicotine exposure. Neuroplasticity to abused drugs, however, depends on whether their administration is forced by the experimenter or is under the control of the experimental animal. Neuroadaptation to chronic nicotine self-administration was examined with a yoked-control paradigm, using nose-poking as the operating procedure. Freely moving...

Electronic cigarettes were originally introduced as devices to facilitate smoking cessation, but their efficacy in this regard has not been established. Instead, they are often used to facilitate continued cigarette smoking in adults, and are common entry devices for nicotine dependency in children and adolescents (1). The aim of this commentary is to emphasize these problems since far from imp...

Objective: To quantify and compare respiratory functions further screen the oral mucosa of tobacco non-tobacco users. Material Methods: First control group, users (n=55); Second smokers’ group (n=168) who currently smoked cigarettes; Third smokeless/chewing type, (n=81); Fourth both smokeless smoking type (n=46). Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependences (FTND) Fagerström Dependence-Smokeless To...

BACKGROUND Data on prevalence, pattern of tobacco use, proportion of population dependent on nicotine and their determinants are important for developing and implementing tobacco control strategies. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use and nicotine dependency. METHODS A cross-sectional survey among a representative sample of 18,018 individuals in...

Introduction/Aim: Fagerstrom test for Nicotine Dependency (FNDT) is one of the most frequent tools used to assess nicotine dependency in primary care. Today, apart from classical cigarette smoking many addicts may prefer other methods (e-cigarette, hookah, pipe, cigars, light users or directly tobacco users) gather nicotine. The main aim this study evaluate effectiveness FNDT non-classical addi...