Nickel compounds induce cell transformation in cell culture models and tumor formation in experimental animals. However, the molecular mechanisms by which nickel compounds induce tumors are not yet well understood. The present study found that exposure of cells to either Ni(3)S(2) or NiCl(2) could result in specific transactivation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), although it did ...

Nickel compounds induce cell transformation in cell culture models and tumor formation in experimental animals. However, the molecular mechanisms by which nickel compounds induce tumors are not yet well understood. The present study found that exposure of cells to either Ni3S2 or NiCl2 could result in specific transactivation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), although it did not sh...

Nickel compounds are a somewhat unique class of carcinogens. Previous studies have demonstrated that NiCl2 exposure leads to marked induction of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) in human osteosarcoma and BALB/c 3T3 cells, a transcription factor that has been considered to play an important role in tumor promotion and progression. However, the signal transduction pathways leading to HIF-1 indu...

Five nickel compounds were adm inistered to rats by intrarenal (ir ) injec­ tion to assess the relative efficacies of the compounds for induction of erythrocytosis, based upon measurements of blood packed cell volume (PCV) at intervals from one to six months after the injection. Nickel subsul­ fide (aN i3S2) was the most potent inducer of erythrocytosis, followed by crystalline nickel monosulfi...

BACKGROUND Increased risks of nasal cancer and lung cancer in nickel refiners have been investigated scientifically and discussed since they were detected in the 1930s. Nickel compounds are considered to be the main cause of the cancer excess. Parts of the nickel producing industry and their consultants oppose the classification of water-soluble nickel salts as human carcinogens, and argue that...

In the past, exposure of workers to mixtures of soluble and insoluble nickel compounds by inhalation during nickel refining correlated with increased incidences of lung and nasal cancers. Insoluble nickel subsulfide and nickel oxide (NiO) are carcinogenic in animals by inhalation; soluble nickel sulfate is not. Particles of insoluble nickel compounds were phagocytized by C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo...

A couple of enantiomers of novel chiral macrocyclic imines based on R/S-camphor were asymmetrically synthesized. Through the chiral macrocyclic ligands, enantiomers of nickel(II) coordination compounds were obtained. The chirality of the ligand was transferred to the nickel atom upon coordination, leading to predetermined configuration. The chiral ligands and corresponding nickel coordination c...

Metals are toxic agents for which genotoxic effects are often difficult to demonstrate. To study metal mutagenesis, we have used two stable hprt/gpt+ transgenic cell lines that were derived from Chinese hamster V79 cells. Both the G12 and G10 cell lines are known to be very sensitive to clastogens such as X-rays and bleomycin, with the mutagenic response of the integrated xanthine guanine phosp...

Insoluble nickel compounds are well-established human carcinogens. Occupational exposure to these compounds leads to increased incidence of lung and nasal cancer in nickel refinery workers. Apart from its weak mutagenic activity and hypoxia mimicking effect there is mounting experimental evidence indicating that epigenetic alteration plays an important role in nickel-induced carcinogenesis. Mul...