The aim of this study was to evaluate time-course and dose-response relationships of nicotinic acid benzylamide (Nic-BZA) with regard to its anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizures and acute neurotoxic effects in terms of motor coordination impairment in the chimney test in mice. The experimental determination of both median effective dose (ED(50)) and median ...

Tacrolimus (FK506), an effective immunosuppressant for treating inflammatory skin diseases, hardly penetrates into and through the skin owing to its high hydrophobicity and molecular weight. The aim of this study was to develop a hybrid system based on nicotinamide (NIC) and nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating FK506, such as FK506-NPs-NIC, for facilitating percutaneous delivery, which exploited v...

We aimed to investigate the indirect influence of exposure to nicotine during pregnancy on the learning and memory of adult offspring mice. Thirty pregnant C57 mice were randomly divided into either the control group (CON) or the nicotine group (NIC), with 15 mice each. The CON group was given access to drug-free water, and the NIC group was given 60 g/ml nicotine in drinking water. Sixteen adu...

The Synergistic Effects of Methylphenidate on the Behavioral Effects of Nicotine by Kristen K. Leedy One of the most common childhood disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) places individuals at a higher risk for nicotine (NIC) dependence. Approximately 37.2% of individuals with ADHD currently smoke compared to the 18.3% of individuals with no record of mental illness. Methy...

OBJECTIVE to analyze the correspondence between the actions contained in the fall prevention protocol of the Ministry of Health and the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) by a cross-mapping. METHOD this is a descriptive study carried out in four stages: protocol survey, identification of NIC interventions related to nursing diagnosis, the risk of falls, cross-mapping, and validation o...

BACKGROUND Chronic nicotine (Ch-NIC) exposure exacerbates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative stress and acute kidney injury (AKI), and mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cultured renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs). Because Ser36-phosphorylated p66shc modulates mitochondrial ROS production and injury of RPTCs, we hypothesized that Ch-NIC exacerbates AKI by in...

In September 1971, NIC arranged for all Sites then on the Network to have phone service to NIC with all tolls billed to NIC. (7554,). In October, (7732,) a revised list of numbers established for Sites was issued. Since then, some Sites have requested the service, and further arrangements have been made. A list of present Enterprise and Zenith numbers is attached. This list is accessible online...

Adverse experiences by the developing fetus and in early childhood are associated with profound effects on learning, emotional behavior, and cognition as a whole. In this study we investigated the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure (NIC), postnatal maternal deprivation (MD) or the combination of the two (NIC+MD) to determine if hippocampal neuron development is modulated by exposure to drugs...

The influence of the surfactants of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and Tween 80 on carbamazepine-nicotinamide (CBZ-NIC) cocrystal solubility and dissolution behaviour has been studied in this work. The solubility of the CBZ-NIC cocrystal was determined by measuring the eutectic concentrations of the drug and the coformer. Evolution of the intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of the CBZ-NIC cocrystal w...

As the main gateway for network traffic to a server, the network interface card (NIC) is an ideal place to incorporate diverse network functionality, such as traffic control, protocol offloading, and virtualization. However, the slow evolution and inherent inflexibility of NIC hardware have failed to support evolving protocols, emerging applications, and rapidly changing system/network architec...