Some years ago, the writers undertook a series of researches on the innervation of muscular tissues in the belief that many of the points still in dispute concerning the termination of the nerve fibers and their relation to the elements of the tissue might receive further elucidation, if, in such investigation, the nerve fibers were stained differentially by means of a method or methods which w...

The objective of this study was to determine morphological characteristics and measurements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc in human fetuses between 16 and 20 weeks of intrauterine life, and correlate it with oral-facial neuro-muscular maturing. Scanner images were used to record the length of the disc (D) and the thickness of its anterior middle and posterior bands in TMJ anteroposte...

The dynamical systems approach addresses Bernstein's degrees of freedom problem by assuming that the neuro-musculo-skeletal system transiently assembles and dismantles its components into functional units (or synergies) to meet task demands. Strikingly, little is known from a dynamical point of view about the functioning of the muscular sub-system in this process. To investigate the interaction...

AIM The paralysis of the ramus marginalis mandibulae nervus facialis may occur in Hemifacial Microsomia (HM); the combination of both HM and palsy contributes to an elongation of the mandibular body. This study explores a possible correlation between neurological deficit, muscular atony, and structural deficiency. STUDY DESIGN Of 58 patients with HM who had come to the University of Rome (Sap...