Background: Recently, ultrasonic neuromodulation research has been an important and interesting issue. Ultrasonic neuromodulation is possible by the use of low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) to stimulate or inhibit the neural structures. The primary capability of this method is the improvement in the treatment progress of certain neurological and psychiatric disorders noninvas...

although spinal cord injury (sci) is one of the most common injuries after a road accident, there is no definite treatment for it. in this regard, nanotechnology has focused to retrieve damaged tissue function by designing of a biomaterial as a mimicking extracellular matrix to reduce inflammation, scar and lactate dehydrogenase, to fill the cyst and improve the graft integration, cell prolifer...

Zinc is a substance that regulates neural excitability by binding whit sodium channel and potassium channel. The efficiency of free zinc ion, make down the neural survival rate, reduced the peak amplitude of Na+ and make depolarization Na channel, increased the peak amplitude of transition outward k+ currents and delayed rectifier. Also it is an effective blocker of one subtype of tetrodoxine (...

polyethylene glycol (peg) is a hydrophilic polymer, known to be capable to fuse numerous single cells in vitro, to join the membranes of adjacent neurons and giant invertebrate axons, and to seal damaged neural membranes. the molecular mechanism of the action of peg is still unknown. it is believed that peg dehydrates membranes and enables their structural components to resolve and rearrange in...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a hydrophilic polymer, known to be capable to fuse numerous single cells in vitro, to join the membranes of adjacent neurons and giant invertebrate axons, and to seal damaged neural membranes. The molecular mechanism of the action of PEG is still unknown. It is believed that PEG dehydrates membranes and enables their structural components to resolve and rearrange in...

As third-generation neural network models, spiking P systems (SNP) have distributed parallel computing capabilities with good performance. In recent years, artificial networks received widespread attention due to their powerful information processing capabilities, which is an effective combination of a class biological and mathematical models. However, SNP some shortcomings in numerical calcula...