multiple sclerosis (ms) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae), are chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorders of central nervous system (cns). while the cause is unclear, the fundamental mechanism is thought to be destruction of myelin sheaths of neurons through immune system. one of the approaches being proposed in eae therapy is neural stem cells (nscs) trans...

neurotrauma is one of the main medical problems that affect considerable number of population especially young persons in all countries. neurotrauma not only is a serious threat for life but also creates various disabilities and consequently imposes large costs to society. following central nervous system (cns) injury, tissue damage occurs via primary and secondary mechanisms. despite many atte...

Background: Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is a tumor suppressor protein that is involved in myeloid cell differentiation in response to retinoic acid (RA). In addition, RA acts as a natural morphogen in neural development. Objectives: This study aimed to examine PML gene expression in different stages of in vitro neural differentiation of NT2 cells, and to investigate the possible role o...

Microglia is considered the only cell population of mesodermal origin, which comprises 10% of the cells in brain parenchyma. Recent neural stem cell (NSC) studies demonstrate that the brain has regenerative potential. NSCs do not give rise to microglial cells, however indicating that NSCs alone cannot complete the regenetion of the brain. Although the role of microglia is not fully understood, ...

spinal cord injury (sci) is a destructive condition that the cord can't send signals below the level of the injury. despite advances in the medical and surgical care of sci patients, no effective treatment exists for the neurological deficits of sci. cell therapy is a new approach for sci, and preclinical models demonstrate that cell transplantation can improve some secondary events throug...

Microglia is considered the only cell population of mesodermal origin, which comprises 10% of the cells in brain parenchyma. Recent neural stem cell (NSC) studies demonstrate that the brain has regenerative potential. NSCs do not give rise to microglial cells, however indicating that NSCs alone cannot complete the regenetion of the brain. Although the role of microglia is not fully understood, ...

background:the polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (psa-ncam) is expressed in developing brain. fetal brain damage is caused by different conditions such as seizure and hypoxia. the present study was designed to investigate the effect of maternal seizures on the number of psa-ncam positive cells in pup's hippocampus. methods: female wistar rats were divided into four groups: (a) k...

objective: mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) can differentiate into various cell types. since cysteine has structural similarities to neuronal inducers β-mercaptoethanol and glutathione, we examined its effect on neural induction of rat bone marrow mscs. materials and methods: in this experimental study, cells were treated in a medium containing 1mm cysteine for 24 hours prior to treatment with neu...

the cellular therapy and nerve tissue engineering will probably become a major therapeutic strategy for promoting axonal growth through injured area in central nervous system and peripheral nervous system in the coming years. the stem cell carrier scaffolds in nerve tissue engineering resulted in strong survival of cells and suitable differentiation into neural cells, so this pathway should be ...