BACKGROUND It has been recognized that modular organization pervades biological complexity. Based on network analysis, 'party hubs' and 'date hubs' were proposed to understand the basic principle of module organization of biomolecular networks. However, recent study on hubs has suggested that there is no clear evidence for coexistence of 'party hubs' and 'date hubs'. Thus, an open question has ...

the existing works considering the flow-based discount factor in the hub and spoke problems, assume that increasing the amount of flow passing through each edge of network continuously decreases the unit flow transportation cost. although a higher volume of flow allows for using wider links and consequently cheaper transportation, but the unit of flow enjoys more discounts, quite like replacing...

we have studied the changes in protein-protein interaction network of 38 different tissues of the human body. 123 gene expression samples from these tissues were used to construct human protein-protein interaction network. this network is then pruned using the gene expression samples of each tissue to construct different protein-protein interaction networks corresponding to different studied ti...

    Hub covering location problem, Network design,   Single machine scheduling, Genetic algorithm,   Shuffled frog leaping algorithm   Hub location problems (HLP) are synthetic optimization problems that appears in telecommunication and transportation networks where nodes send and receive commodities (i.e., data transmissions, passengers transportation, express packages, postal deliveries, etc....

We have studied the changes in protein-protein interaction network of 38 different tissues of the human body. 123 gene expression samples from these tissues were used to construct human protein-protein interaction network. This network is then pruned using the gene expression samples of each tissue to construct different protein-protein interaction networks corresponding to different studied ti...

Hubs are network components that hold positions of high importance for network function. Previous research has identified hubs in human brain networks derived from neuroimaging data; however, there is little consensus on the localization of such hubs. Moreover, direct evidence regarding the role of various proposed hubs in network function (e.g., cognition) is scarce. Regions of the default mod...

HLP (hub location problem) tries to find locations of hub facilities and assignment of nodes to extended facilities. Hubs are facilities to collect, arrange, and distribute commodities in telecommunication networks, cargo delivery systems, etc. Hubs are very crucial and their inaccessibility impresses on network whole levels. In this paper, first, total reliability of the network is defined bas...

We attempt to identify the different node hubs of a road network using PageRank for preparation for possible random terrorist attacks. The robustness of a road network against such attack is crucial to be studied because it may cripple its connectivity by simply shutting down these hubs. We show the important hubs in a road network based on network structure and propose a model for robustness a...