One of the mostly used enhanced oil recovery methods is the injection of water or gas under pressure to maintain or reverse the declining pressure in a reservoir. Several parameters should be optimized in a fluid injection process. The usual optimizing methods evaluate several scenarios to find the best solution. Since it is required to run the reservoir simulator hundreds of times, the process...

The effects of extracellular fluid volume expansion on intestinal transport of salts and water were studied in dogs by perfusing loops of bowel in vivo. Saline loading caused depression of duodenal and jejunal absorption with net secretion of salt and water into the lumen. Studies of unidirectional transport of (22)Na(+) revealed that the negative net sodium flux was due primarily, and perhaps ...

The distribution of vector meals in the host community is an important element of understanding and predicting vector-borne disease risk. Lizards (such as the western fence lizard; Sceloporus occidentalis) play a unique role in Lyme disease ecology in the far-western United States. Lizards rather than mammals serve as the blood meal hosts for a large fraction of larval and nymphal western black...

This paper deals with variations in biomass and in the production of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) in a eutrophic tropical reservoir. Net production was assessed by both a traditional method and a demographic approach. The initial biomass ranges from 96 g DW.m-2 to a maximum of 2027 g DW.m-2. Net production estimates varied greatly according to which method was used to calculate them (t...

Over half of the oil reservoirs in the United States are considered “empty” although they still contain approximately 50% of their potential yield (Exxon Corporation, 1983). Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces a rhamnolipid biosurfactant extracellularly that can drive this trapped oil from crevices into openings that can be easily pumped. This tertiary method of oil recovery is currently being used...

Hydraulic fracture in shale reservoir presents complex network propagation, which has essential difference with traditional plane biwing fracture at forming mechanism. Based on the research results of experiments, field fracturing practice, theory analysis, and numerical simulation, the influence factors and their mechanism of hydraulic fracture extending into network in shale have been systema...

The geochemical processes of mercury in Dongfeng (DF) and Wujiangdu (WJD) reservoirs, which were constructed in 1992 and 1979, respectively in Wujiang River, which is the upper branch of Yangtze River were investigated. One sampling site was chosen up river of 1 km from the dam for each reservoir. Three sampling campaigns were conducted at these sampling sites in December 2003, April 2004 and J...

The main objective of this work is to present a new methodology for seismic reservoir characterization that provides fine-scaled reservoir models of facies and reservoir properties, such as porosity, net-to-gross, and, possibly, fluid saturation. The proposed iterative methodology is based on sequential simulations of discrete variables, namely sequential indicator simulation, and a stochastic ...