The shared use of syringes and needles was recognized as being associated with HIV transmission among injecting drug users at the onset of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Commonly referred to as syringe sharing or needle sharing, it involves two or more drug users sequentially using the same needle and/or syringe in order to inject a dose of liquefied drugs, such as heroin, cocaine, amphetamines or bupr...

The shared use of syringes and needles was recognized as being associated with HIV transmission among injecting drug users at the onset of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Commonly referred to as syringe sharing or needle sharing, it involves two or more drug users sequentially using the same needle and/or syringe in order to inject a dose of liquefied drugs, such as heroin, cocaine, amphetamines or bupr...

Outcome Number of studies Odds ratio Confidence interval (95% confidence level) Reduction in Needle Sharing 6 3.22 2.17-4.77 Needle and Syringe Programs (NSPs) are interventions that provide drug preparation and injection equipment to injection drug users to decrease equipment sharing, and consequently, HIV transmission risk. Drug equipment may include needles, syringes, and other ancillary mat...

2.3,95% C.I. 1.0-5.3). HTLV-1 seropositivity was also associated with frequency of needle sharing (Table 1). Re-use of contaminated needles and other paraphernalia to prepare the dose were not associated with HTLV-I seropositivity. Anti-HTLV-I antibodies were detected more commonly among females (25%) than males (15%), but the difference was not significant (Odds Ratio=2.9, 95% C.I. 0.9-4.0). H...