Acupuncture needle manipulation gives rise to "needle grasp," a biomechanical phenomenon characterized by an increase in the force necessary to pull the needle out of the tissue (pullout force). This study investigates the hypothesis that winding of connective tissue, rather than muscle contraction, is the mechanism responsible for needle grasp. We performed 1) measurements of pullout force in ...

We present the tip and friction forces acting on a needle during penetration into a canine prostate, independently measured by a 7-axis load cell newly developed for this purpose. This experimental apparatus clarifies the mechanics of needle penetration, potentially improving the development of surgical simulations. The behavior of both tip and friction forces can be used to determine the mecha...

The move to the cloud brings a number of new security challenges, but the application remains your last line of defense. Engineers are extremely well poised to perform tasks critical for securing the application—provided that certain key obstacles are overcome. Cloud Shifts the Burden of Security to Development

Liquid jet injections have been performed on human skin in vivo and silicone rubber using Intraject needle-free injectors. The discharge characteristics of the liquid jet were measured using a custom-built test instrument. The experiments reveal that a high-speed liquid jet penetrates a soft solid by the formation and opening of a planar crack. The fluid stagnation pressure required for skin pe...

BACKGROUND Double-blind evaluation of acupuncture treatment has not previously been reported. We investigated the possible advantage of analgesic effects of needle penetration compared with skin pressure using non-penetrating needles in a double-blind study. METHODS We conducted a double-blind crossover study of penetrating and non-penetrating (placebo) acupuncture trials. We recruited 56 hea...

Penetration testing entails attacking a system to identify and report insecurity, but doing so without harming the system nor encroaching on the dignity of those affected by it. To improve the interaction between penetration testers and their processes and technology, we need to understand the factors that affect decisions they make with ethical import. This paper presents four ethical hazards ...

This paper reports about the analysis of the Internet diffusion among families and business basing on daily observations on registrations of second level domain names underneath the “.it” ccTLD . In particular, domains registered by individuals are analysed. The penetration rate over the relevant population of potential adopters is computed at highly disaggregated geographical level (province)....