OBJECTIVES It is presently recommended that oral feeding be started in premature infants as soon as possible, often at an age at which nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is still required for ventilatory support. Our previous data showed that application of nCPAP up to 10 cmH2O in full-term lambs had no deleterious effect on cardiorespiratory safety, feeding efficiency, or on nut...

Patients with less severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are usually prescribed oral appliances and/or smaller optimal nasal continuous positive airway pressure (P(nCPAP)) in nCPAP therapy. We hypothesised that OSA patients with greater P(nCPAP) would not respond favourably to oral appliances. Oral appliances were inserted in nCPAP users after washing-out the nCPAP effect. Follow-up polysomnogr...

Heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) is frequently used as a noninvasive respiratory support for preterm infants with respiratory distress. But there are limited studies that compares HHFNC with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) only as the initial treatment of respiratory distress in preterm infants immediately after birth. The aim of this study is to assess the ...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To compare in a multicenter prospective study the efficacy and cost of conventional nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) initiated at the sleep laboratory versus auto-nCPAP initiated at home. DESIGN Patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) were randomized to treatment with either the REM+ auto device in constant mode at the effective pressure ...

Background. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is widely used as treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea. However, to date there are no randomised controlled trials of this therapy against a well matched control. We undertook a randomised prospective parallel trial of therapeutic NCPAP for obstructive sleep apnoea compared with a control group on subtherapeutic NCPAP. Methods. Men...

Our study was to assess whether there were differential effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) on different kinds of obstruction in either upper or lower airways in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). nCPAP (6 cmH2O for ten minutes) was applied to 7 patients with reversible extrathoracic upper airway obstruction (RUAO) and 3 patients with fixed extr...

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a frequent finding in the elderly. SDB is related to morbidity, mortality, quality of life, disability, and cognitive impairment. Treatment of choice for SDB is nasal positive airway pressure breathing (nCPAP). The impact of treatment for SDB on activities of daily living (ADLs) is unclear. We therefore investigated the relationship between SDB and ADLs in a ...

BACKGROUND The role of nasal continuous positive airways pressure (nCPAP) in the management of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants is not completely defined. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the benefits and risks of prophylactic nCPAP in infants of 28-31 weeks gestation. DESIGN Multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial. SETTING Seventeen Italian neonatal intensive care units. ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether postextubation respiratory support via heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannulae (HHHFNC) results in a greater proportion of infants younger than 32 weeks' gestation being successfully extubated after a period of endotracheal positive pressure ventilation compared with conventional nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). STUDY DESIGN We randomly as...

INTRODUCTION Early nCPAP seems to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury in humans, although the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this beneficial effect have not been clarified yet. OBJECTIVE To evaluate plasma levels IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α immediately before the start of nCPAP and 2 hours later in preterm infants. METHODS Prospective cohort including preterm infants wi...