This paper reviews the role of self-optimizing control (SOC) and necessary conditions of optimality tracking (NCO tracking). We argue that self-optimizing control is not an alternative to real-time optimization (RTO), NCO tracking or model predictive control (MPC), but is to be seen as complementary. In self-optimizing control we determine controlled variables (CV), that keep the process close ...

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The existence of NCO(-) anions in the interstellar medium (ISM) has been suggested and searched for over the years but without any formal definitive sighting of that molecule. We discuss in this work the possible formation of either NCO(-) directly or of NCO neutral as a precursor to NCO(-) formation by electron attachment. We follow simple, gas-phase chemical reactions for which the general fe...

During meiosis, DNA double-strand breaks ultimately yield two types of recombinants: crossovers (CO) and noncrossovers (NCO). Recent studies in budding yeast show the CO/NCO designation occurs before stable strand exchange and thus well before Holliday junction resolution. Chromosome synapsis occurs after CO/NCO designation and is not required for the regulated distribution of COs along chromos...

Polyurethanes are widely used in car paint formulations. During thermal degradation, such polymeric systems can generate powerful asthmatic sensitizing agents named isocyanates. In body repair shops, the thermal degradation of car paint can occur during abrasive processes that generate enough heat to involve release of isocyanates in air. An environmental monitoring study was performed in two b...

We present a method for automatically segmenting the blood vessels in optic nerve head (ONH) centered spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) volumes, with a focus on the ability to segment the vessels in the region near the neural canal opening (NCO). The algorithm first pre-segments the NCO using a graph-theoretic approach. Oriented Gabor wavelets rotated around the center of th...

Predicting and understanding the cation distribution in spinels has been one of the most interesting problems in materials science. The present work investigates the effect of cation redistribution on the structural, electrical, optical and magnetic properties of mixed-valent inverse spinel NiCo2O4(NCO) thin films. It is observed that the films grown at low temperatures (T < 400 °C) exhibit met...

We report herein that the terminal nitride complex Na[NV(N[t-Bu]Ar)(3)] (Na[1-VN], Ar = 3,5-Me(2)C(6)H(3)) reacts with CO over the course of 24 h to generate V(N[t-Bu]Ar)(3) (1-V) and sodium cyanate in an isolated yield of 77%. The reaction products were identified using a combination of NMR and IR spectroscopy, and cyanate formation was further confirmed by performing a (13)C labeling experime...

Implementing transformational change towards the Net-Centric Operations (NCO) vision in support of enhanced command and control presents technical, operational, and cultural challenges. The technical challenges are being addressed by both industry and the Department of Defense pushing the state of the art further ahead. However, in many cases the technology transformation is too far ahead of th...

In dynamic optimization problems, the optimal input profiles are typically obtained using models that predict the system behavior. In practice, however, process models are often inaccurate, and on-line model adaptation is required for appropriate prediction and re-optimization. In most dynamic real-time optimization schemes, the available measurements are used to update the plant model, with un...