The mechanisms by which bone resorbing osteoclasts form and are activated by hormones are poorly understood. We show here that the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals in cultured bone is associated with the formation of new osteoclasts and enhanced bone resorption, identical to the effects seen when bones are treated with hormones such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and interleukin 1 (IL-1...

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) has shown potential as a therapeutic agent in various cancers. Previously, calreticulin (CRT) was found to be downregulated in differentiated HL-60 cells treated with DADS. The present study investigated the role of CRT proteins in DADS-induced proliferation, invasion and differentiation in HL-60 cells. The present study demonstrated that DADS treatment significantly ch...

Cerebral superoxide anion generation during bicuculline-induced seizures was measured in newborn pigs. Using two closed cranial windows inserted over the parietal cortices, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction was determined during 20 min of seizure activity induced by bicuculline, 5 mg/kg i.v. A modest increase in SOD-inhibitable NBT reduction was observ...

1 . Washed buffy-coat preparations of human blood suspended in different media were exposed to the Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) and the mechanism of entry of the dye into neutrophil polymorphonuclear leucocytes was investigated. 2. Stimulation of neutrophils with endotoxin and the presence of heparin and/or fibrinogen in the suspending medium were necessary for dye reduction. 3. NBT complexed wi...

This study determined whether nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) generates superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner and whether such production contributes to hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced pial artery dilation in newborn pigs equipped with closed cranial windows. Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-inhibitable nitroblue tetrazolium ...

Nitro-blue tetrazolium polyvinyl butyral film dosimeters (NBT-PVB) were prepared and investigated based on radiation-induced reduction of NBT. NBT-PVB film dosimeters containing different concentrations of NBT dye from 1 to 5 mM were prepared in a solution of ethanol. The dosimeters were irradiated with g-ray from Co source at doses from 5 up to 55 kGy. UV/vis spectrophotometry was used to inve...

Dear Editor, The O2-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase, plays a crucial role in host defense against microbial infection through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).1The multisubunit NADPH oxidase complex can be detected in vitro by the nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT).2The NBT test is used for the diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease.3 However, several factors, such as some cyto...

Normal human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) placed in anaerobic chambers reaching pO2's of less than 5 mm Hg fail to generate O2-, iodinate ingested particles, and stimulate glucose-1-14C oxidation through the hexose monophosphate shunt. The observation that anaerobic cells are incapable of generating O2- or reducing nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) to formazan supports the idea that NBT reducti...

A study of leucocyte response to infection, polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemotaxis and bactericidal activity, and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction in children with kwashiorkor was undertaken and compared with a control group. The results show that total leucocyte counts were depressed in children with kwashiorkor, and lymphopenia was not infrequent. NBT reduction was normal. Abnormal polym...