We propose to manually annotate web pages with computerprocessable controlled natural language. These annotations have well-defined formal properties and can be used as query relevant summaries to automatically answer questions expressed in controlled natural language, and as the basis for other forms of automated reasoning. Last, but not least, the annotations can also serve as human-readable ...

Creating serious games calls for a multidisciplinary design team, including game developers, subject-matter experts, pedagogical experts, and narrative designers. However, such multidisciplinary teams often experience communication and collaboration problems due to the different terminologies, backgrounds and concerns of the people involved. To overcome these problems, we propose the use of a C...

• Tree root respiration utilizes a major portion of the primary production in forests and is an important process in the global carbon cycle. Because of the lack of ecologically relevant methods, tree root respiration in situ is much less studied compared with above-ground processes such as photosynthesis and leaf respiration. • This study introduces a new 13 C natural tracer method for measuri...

We are interested in bridging the world of natural language and the world of the semantic web in particular to support multilingual access to the web of data. In this paper we introduce the ULiS project, that aims at designing a pivot-based NLP technique called Universal Linguistic System, 100% using the semantic web formalisms, and being compliant with the Meaning-Text theory. Through the ULiS...

Known as a Lewis acid which acts as a natural catalyst, bentonite can be used to produce several arylidene  (thio) barbituric  acid  derivatives  through  conducting  a  Knoevenagel  reaction  between aromatic aldehydes and (thio) barbituric acid. Water is considered as the medium for this reaction and the results are at arange of good to excellent over a reasonable reaction time. This method i...

Traditionally a rigorous mathematical document consists of a sequence of definition – statement – proof. Taking this basic outline as starting point we investigate how these three categories of text can be represented adequately in the formal language of Isabelle/Isar. Proofs represented in human-readable form have been the initial motivation of Isar language design 10 years ago. The principles...