Introduction: Although educational attainment is protective against health risk behaviors such as smoking, the Minorities’ Diminished Return theory posits that these protective effects are smaller for ethnic minorities than majority groups. This study compared the effects of educational attainment on the smoking status of American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) and White ...

The Status of National-Religious Identity in High School Farsi Textbooks Y. Ma'roofi, Ph.D. S. Panaahi Tavaanaa To discover the extent to which the subject of national-religious identity is covered in high school Farsi textbooks in literature, all such textbooks (a total of 8) were content analyzed utilizing a check list of relevant indices. The validity of the instrument was asse...

The aim of this study is to investigate the causes and effects of economic exclusion of historical national and ethnic minorities and to identify the policies, both at the national and supranational levels, that are most effective in combating this problem. The study analyzes economic participation in four regions of Europe in which historical minorities are concentrated: the Autonomous Provinc...

Positive intergroup contact with socially and economically advantaged national majorities has been shown to reduce ethnic identification among minorities, thereby undermining ethnic minority activism. This finding implies that ethnic identity is the relevant social identity driving ethnic minorities' struggle for equality. We argue that the study of the "sedating" effect of positive intergroup ...

The current situation of national minorities, indigenous peoples and the policy multiculturalism needs to be reconsidered from a legal point view. purpose article was investigate regulation ethnonational policy, using experience major democratic states. used various methods scientific knowledge such as cognition. On basis analysis, mechanisms are examined in detail through prism main trends peo...

In spite of modest gains in the past four decades, the United States has not been able to substantially improve on the pervasive underrepresentation of minorities in postsecondary science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) pathways. We suggest a way to guide a national effort to double the persistence of underrepresented minorities in STEM in the next decade.

The paper introduces the idea of generalising a cumulative frequency curve to show arbitrary cumulative counts. For example, in demographic studies generalised cumulative curves can represent the distribution of population or area. Generalised cumulative curves can be a valuable instrument for exploratory data analysis. The use of cumulative curves in an investigation of population statistics i...

In a remarkably insightful essay on nationalism, Isaiah Berlin concluded by noting the “astonishingly Europocentric” outlook of 19th and 20th century thought. He incidentally observed political thinking time that “the peoples Africa Asia are discussed either as wards or victims Europeans, but seldom, if ever, in their own right, with histories cultures own”.1 The process decolonisation, well un...