Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) are extremely diverse with more than 23,000 species described and over 500,000 species estimated to exist. This is the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the superfamily based on a molecular analysis of 18S and 28S ribosomal gene regions for 19 families, 72 subfamilies, 343 genera and 649 species. The 56 outgroups are comprised of Ceraphronoidea and most pro...

The cosmopolitan genus Anagrus Haliday is one of the largest in Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), and includes very common egg parasitoids, mostly of leafhoppers. The smallest species (body length: 0.4-0.6 mm) are found in the atomus species group. This group at present includes about 20 species worldwide. Anagrus atomus (Linnaeus) is among the most common species in the Palaearctic region...

Bakkendorfia Mathot, syn. n. is placed in synonymy under Cleruchus Enock and its only described species transferred as Cleruchus musangae (Mathot), comb. n.Anaphes quinquearticulatus Huber & Triapitsyn, sp. n. is described; it is the only known Anaphes Haliday species with a 5-segmented funicle in females. Two genera are reported for the first time from the Afrotropical region and two species a...

Ooctonus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) contains four species in the Neotropical Region: O. clebschi Huber, sp. n., O. costaricensis Huber, sp. n., O. woolleyi Huber, sp. n., and O. zolnerowichi Huber, sp. n. Ooctonus costaricensis represents the furthest south Ooctonus has been recorded in the New World. An illustrated identification key to females is given. The genus is compared with Boudie...

The monotypic genus Mymarilla Westwood is known only from St. Helena, a remote island in the South Atlantic Ocean. The peculiar species M. wollastoni Westwood (Mymaridae) is redescribed and illustrated from non-type material. Mymarilla is compared with Cremnomymar Ogloblinspp. from the Juan Fernández Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. Stephanodes Enock is shown to be the most likely sister gen...

Compression fossils of three genera and six species of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are described from 46 million year old Kishenehn oil shales in Montana, USA. Two new genera are described: Eoeustochus Huber, gen. n., with two included species, Eoeustochus kishenehn Huber (type species) and Eoeustochus borchersi Huber, sp. n., and Eoanaphes, gen. n., with Eoanaphes stethynioides Huber...

Chrysoctonoideslongisetosa Huber & Triapitsyn (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), gen. n. and sp. n., is described from Australia. It is compared with the related genus Chrysoctonus, known from Africa and the New World. Myrmecomymar Yoshimoto, syn. n., is synonymized under Chrysoctonus Mathot and its type species is transferred to Chrysoctonus as Chrysoctonusmasneri (Yoshimoto), comb. n.

Comparative assessments of Gonatocerus ashmeadi and the ‘new association’ parasitoid G. deleoni (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) as biological control agents of Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) N.A. Irvin a & M.S. Hoddle a b a Department of Entomology, University of California, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA b Center for Invasive Species Research, University of Californi...

Two leafhopper (Hemiptera Cicadellidae) hosts are reported for Gonatocerus (Gonatocerus) californicus Girault (Hymenoptera Mymaridae): Exitianus obscurinervis (Stal) and Spangbergiella vulnerata lacerdae Signoret. At El Manantial site in Tucumán Province, Argentina, G. californicus emerged from 7.1% and 90.5% of the parasitized sentinel eggs of the respective host on maize plants. Notes on the ...