australian grapevine viroid (agvd), an apscaviroid of the family pospiviroidae, was recently identified in vineyards of southern iran. it had a relatively wide host range and caused stunting, leaf deformation, mottling and vein clearing in experimental hosts upon mechanical inoculation of nucleic acid extracts or agroinfiltration of the viroid infectious cloned dna. predicted secondary structur...

background: among all common techniques in sitedirectedmutagenesis, λ red recombinase system has beenwidely used to knock out chromosomal genes in bacteria. in thismethod, there is always the risk of dna linear digestion byhost's restriction enzymes that leads to the low frequency ofrecombination. objectives:to overcome this, we constructeda recombinant vector to disrupt phop gene in salmonella...

introduction: active packaging is one of the innovations in food packaging industry that would be a respons to the changing needs of consumers and markets. in this technique, materials such as adsorbents oxygen, moisture, carbon dioxide, ethylene and carbon dioxide-releasing flavor compounds, antimicrobials, antioxidants and various aromatic compounds are used. in the last decade, great attenti...

clavulanic acid is produced industrially by fermentation of streptomyces clavuligerus and researches have increased its production by strain improvement, recombinant dna technology, and media composition and growth condition optimization. the main objective of this study was to increase the level of clavulanic acid production from streptomyces clavuligerus (dsm 738), using uv irradiation. after...

objective(s):[p1]  this study highlights xylanase overproduction from bacillus mojavensis via uv mutagenesis and optimization of the production process. materials and methods:bacillus mojavenis ptcc 1723 underwent uv radiation. mutants’ primary screening was based on the enhanced hollow zone diameter/ colony diameter ration (h/c ratios) of the colonies in comparison with the wild strain on xyla...