The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model is a process-based, continuous-simulation, watershed hydrology and erosion model. It is an important tool for water erosion simulation owing to its unique functionality in representing diverse landuse and management conditions. Its applicability is limited to relatively small watersheds since its current version does not simulate flow in permane...

parameter estimation of the nonlinear muskingum model is a highly nonlinear optimization problem. although various techniques have been applied to optimize the coefficients of the nonlinear muskingum flood routing models, but an efficient method for this purpose in the calibration process is still lacking. the accuracy of artificial bee colony (abc) algorithm is investigated in this paper to op...

The hydrodynamic derivation of a variable parameter Muskingum method and its solution procedure for estimating a routed hydrograph were presented in Part I of this series (Perumal, 1994a). In this paper, the limitations of the method, the criterion for its applicability and its accuracy are discussed based on the assumptions used. The method is verified by routing a given hypothetical inflow hy...

For the sustainable management of water quantity and quality, a hydrological model that can simulate the hydro-environmental dynamics of river basins at arbitrary locations is valuable. There are several streamflow simulation models suitable for such a purpose. Yet the lack of data commonly poses a serious problem for their application. This is a serious problem encountered for the sustainable ...

flood routing in rivers is a mathematical procedure to determine flow hydrograph at a point in a river. one of routing methods is based on solution of saint-venant equations for unsteady flows. because this method is very complex and need to more information of river, other methods with simple calculations and reasonably accurate results have been extended and give generally satisfactory result...