Traditionally, dental-shade-guide standards are designated in terms of Munsell hue (H), value (V), and chroma (C). However, delta E color differences proposed as ADA tolerances for shade guides are in the CIE L*a*b* system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new color-difference equation, delta EM = C delta H/5 + 7 delta V + 4 delta C for estimation of small color differences by Munsel...

o t t n f w s ( T t bstract. The color characterization of digital cameras often reuires the use of standard charts containing a fixed number of color amples. The exact choice of such characterization charts—how any (and which) known samples to include—is known to affect haracterization performance. This study describes methods to seect optimum color samples from a set of 1269 Munsell surface c...

The goal is to construct a simple model relating the conceptually defined Munsell color space to a physical representation of the relationship among the reflectance spectra obtained from the color chips comprising the Munsell color atlas. In the model both the Munsell conceptual system and the transformed reflectance spectra are shown to be well represented in Euclidean space, and the two space...

Independent researchers have proved mathematically that, given a set of color-matching functions, there exists a unique set of three monochromatic spectral lights that optimizes luminous efficiency and color gamut. These lights are called prime colors. We present a method for transforming reflectance spectra into Munsell color space by using hypothetical absorbance curves based on Gaussian appr...

The chromaticities of the Munsell Renotation Dataset were applied to eight color-appearance models. Models used were: CIELAB, Hunt, Nayatani, RLAB, LLAB, CIECAM97s, ZLAB, and IPT. Models were used to predict three appearance correlates of lightness, chroma, and hue. Model output of these appearance correlates were evaluated for their uniformity, in light of the constant perceptual nature of the...

The color of 24 commercially available denture resins was determined visually with Munsell color tabs and by reflection spectrophotometry. Correlation between Munsell and spectrophotometric data was found. The resins characterized for Black patients had a higher degree of specular reflectance and were more opaque than resins for Caucasians.

We find that the cell response spectra of lateral geniculate nucleus cells, as well as the reflectance spectra of Munsell color chips, may be modeled by using the cone sensitivity functions of the long and medium cones. We propose a simple model for how the neural signals from the photoreceptors might be combined in the retina to closely approximate the reflectance spectra of Munsell color chip...

The purpose of this study was to re-arrange the master Bioform shade guide into a long-range one-dimensional color system based upon color difference. Although most shade guides may show local order when arranged according to hue, long-range order has not been established. However, shade guide arrangement according to a logical color order would be an advantage to the user. The first step in de...

This article presents methods for estimating Munsell reflectance spectra, measured physically with a spectrophotometer, from psychophysically derived color-matching functions. The method is general and may also be used to estimate the reflectance spectra from human cone photoreceptor sensitivities. The color-matching functions and the cone sensitivities were found to contain almost identical in...

This paper presents a computational model for color coding that provides a functional explanation of how humans perceive colors in a homogeneous color space. Beginning with known properties of human cone photoreceptors, the model estimates the locations of the reflectance spectra of Munsell color chips in perceptual color space as represented in the CIE L*a*b* color system. The fit between the ...