With increasing production of red mud, the environmental problems caused by it are increasingly serious, and thus the integrated treatment of red mud is imminent. This article provides an overview of the composition and the basic characteristics of red mud. The research progress of safe stockpiling and comprehensive utilization of red mud is summarized. The safe stockpiling of red mud can be di...

Drilling during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 160 (April–May, 1995) revealed important new evidence concerning the internal composition, depositional processes, and age of two mud volcanoes within the Mediterranean Ridge accretionary complex. Holes were drilled at ca. 2000 m water depth on the crest areas, across the flanks of the mud volcanoes, and onto adjacent deep-sea sediments. The main depos...

OBJECTIVE Mud, which contains organic and mineral ingredients, is used for the treatment of several degenerative diseases. It has been proposed that beneficial effects of mud are not only related to its local thermal effects, but also to its chemical components. Unlike hydrophilic components, the lipophilic components of the mud extract have not been described precisely thus far. Thus, we aimed...

Multicellular animals have evolved conserved signaling pathways that translate cell polarity cues into mitotic spindle positioning to control the orientation of cell division within complex tissue structures. These oriented cell divisions are essential for the development of cell diversity and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Despite intense efforts, the molecular mechanisms that control ...

Mud volcanoes, ranging in size between 50cm and 800m high, are found both on land and in submarine environments. Their variation in height and shape reflects the driving forces building them and the physical properties of their materials. The driving force behind the construction of mud volcanoes is overpressure of fluidised mud at depth within the sediment column. Although some component of ov...

Mud volcanism was initiated when overpressured muds rose through the Mediterranean Ridge accretionary prism. Early mud volcanism was marked by eruption of coarse clastic sediments forming small cones of debris flow deposits and turbidites, followed by eruption of large volumes of clast-rich matrix-supported debris flows. Eruption was accompanied by progressive subsidence to form moat-like featu...

Drosophila neuroblasts divide asymmetrically by aligning their mitotic spindle with cortical cell polarity to generate distinct sibling cell types. Neuroblasts asymmetrically localize Galphai, Pins, and Mud proteins; Pins/Galphai direct cortical polarity, whereas Mud is required for spindle orientation. It is currently unknown how Galphai-Pins-Mud binding is regulated to link cortical polarity ...

It is estimated that the total number of submarine mud volcanoes is between 1000 and 100 000. Because many are associated with greenhouse gases, such as methane, it is argued that the global flux of these gases to the atmosphere from the world’s terrestrial and submarine mud volcanoes is highly significant. Clues to the processes forming submarine mud volcanoes can be found in variations to the...

For practical wireless DS-CDMA systems, channel estimation is imperfect due to noise and interference. In this paper, the impact of channel estimation errors on multiuser detection (MUD) is analyzed under the framework of the replica method. System performance is obtained in the large system limit for optimal MUD, linear MUD and turbo MUD, and is validated by numerical results for finite systems.

Detecting mud hazards is a significant challenge to UGV autonomous off-road navigation. A military UGV stuck in a mud body during a mission may need to be sacrificed or rescued, both unattractive options. JPL is currently developing a daytime mud detection capability under the RCTA program using UGV mounted sensors. To perform robust mud detection under all conditions, we expect multiple sensor...