A two-dimensional infiltration experiment was conducted to investigate and quantify the effect of spatial wettability variations on DNAPL migration and entrapment in saturated sands. Experimental observations of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) infiltration showed that organic-wet sand lenses acted as very effective capillary barriers, retaining PCE and inhibiting its downward migration. A multiphase ...

Heat and mass transfer in steaming ground have been modeled using the TOUGH2 geothermal simulator and the results compared with field data collected by Bromley and Hochstein (2001). They measured temperatures at several sites over periods of 4 to 7 days at the soil surface, and depths of 0.01 m, 0.05 m, 0.10 m, 0.15 m, and 0.20 m. Soil porosities and saturations were also measured. These data s...

The parameter n in the well-known expression for hydraulic conductivity K ˆ K0S e (where K0 is its value at satiation and Se the e€ective saturation) is determined as a function of the exponent in the power form of the soil±water retention relationship. The result is validated with an extensive experimental database comprising some 43 soils, collected by Mualem. Ó 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All...

D. DeMuth , G. J. Alner , D. Ayres , W. L. Barrett , P. Border , D. J. A. Cockerill , J. H. Cobb , H. Courant , T. Fields , H. Gallagher , M. C. Goodman , R. Gran , T. Joffe-Minor , T. Kafka , S. Kasahara , P. J. Litchfield , W. A. Mann , M. Marshak , R. Milburn , W. Miller , L. Mualem , A. Napier , W. Oliver , G. F. Pearce , E. Peterson , D. Petyt , K. Ruddick , M. Sanchez e J. Schneps , A. So...

A new, closed-form hysteretic model of the capillary pressure-saturation and relative permeability-saturation relationship has been implemented into ITOUGH2. The hysteretic capillary pressure function is based on the van Genuchten model, with a modified version of the dependent domain model of Mualem to describe the scanning curves. Hysteresis in the relative permeability relations is considere...

The unsaturated soil hydraulic properties are often described using Mualem–van Genuchten (MVG) type analytical functions. Recent studies suggest several shortcomings of these functions near saturation, notably the lack of second-order continuity of the soil water retention function at saturation and the inability of the hydraulic conductivity function to account for macroporosity. We present a ...

D. DeMuth , G. J. Alner , D. Ayres , W. L. Barrett , P. Border , D. J. A. Cockerill , J. H. Cobb , H. Courant , T. Fields , H. Gallagher , M. C. Goodman , R. Gran , T. Joffe-Minor , T. Kafka , S. Kasahara , P. J. Litchfield , W. A. Mann , M. Marshak , R. Milburn , W. Miller , L. Mualem , A. Napier , W. Oliver , G. F. Pearce , E. Peterson , D. Petyt , K. Ruddick , M. Sanchez e J. Schneps , A. So...