The present study was designed to investigate the anti-melanogenic and cytotoxic activities of methanol extract of Phlomis kurdica. The antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity of MeOH extract from P. kurdica (MPk) were examined by DPPH radical scavenging and mushroom tyrosinase activity assays (in vitro), respectively. Furthermore, the effect of MPk on the melanin content, cellular tyrosinase ...

Maintaining genome stability in the germline is thought to be an evolutionarily ancient role of the p53 family. The sole Caenorhabditis elegans p53 family member CEP-1 is required for apoptosis induction in meiotic, late-stage pachytene germ cells in response to DNA damage and meiotic recombination failure. In an unbiased genetic screen for negative regulators of CEP-1, we found that increased ...

The raison d'etre of the germline is to produce oocytes and sperm that pass genetic material and cytoplasmic constituents to the next generation. To achieve this goal, many developmental processes must be executed and coordinated. ERK, the terminal MAP kinase of a number of signaling pathways, controls many aspects of development. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of MPK-1 ERK in Caenorh...

We develop a theory linking “misallocation,” i.e., dispersion in marginal products of capital (MPK), to macroeconomic risk. Dispersion MPK depends on (i) heterogeneity firm-level risk and (ii) the magnitude premia. Stock market-based measures imply that considerations explain about 25% among US firms rationalize large persistent component MPK, consistent with micro-level data. Time-varying prem...

An information completion of an extensive game is obtained by extending the information partition of every player from the set of her decision nodes to the set of all nodes. The extended partition satisfies Memory of Past Knowledge (MPK) if at any node a player remembers what she knew at earlier no des. It is shown that MPK c an b e satisfi ed in a game i f an d only if the game is von Neumann ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of two types of microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee joints (MPKs) on perceived performance and everyday life activity level. DESIGN Randomized cross-over trial. SUBJECTS Thirty persons with a unilateral above-knee amputation or knee disarticulation classified as Medicare Functional Classification Level-2. METHODS Participants were measured in 3 condit...

Like many other Bacteroides species, Bacteroides vulgatus strain mpk, a mouse fecal isolate which was shown to promote intestinal homeostasis, utilizes a variety of mobile elements for genome evolution. Based on sequences collected by Pacific Biosciences SMRT sequencing technology, we discuss the challenges of assembling and studying a bacterial genome of high plasticity. Additionally, we condu...

Volterra series approximate a broad range of nonlinear systems. Their identification is challenging due to the curse dimensionality: number model parameters grows exponentially with complexity input–output response. This fact limits applicability such models and has stimulated recently much research on regularized solutions. Along this line, we propose two new strategies that use kernel-based m...

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) cascades are important for eukaryotic signal transduction. They convert extracellular stimuli (e.g. some hormones, growth factors, cytokines, microbe- or damage-associated molecular patterns) into intracellular responses while at the same time amplifying the transmitting signal. By doing so, they ensure proper performance, and eventually survival, of a giv...

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MPK) cascades play key roles in responses to various biotic stresses, as well as in plant growth and development. However, the responses of MPK and MPK kinase (MKK) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) to Plasmodiophora brassicae, a causal agent of clubroot disease in Brassica crops, are still not clear. In the present study, a total of 11...