The Ottoman government obtained current information on the empire’s sources of revenue through periodic registers called tahrir defterleri. These documents include detailed information on tax-paying subjects and taxable resources, making it possible to study the economic and social history of the Middle East and Eastern Europe in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Although the use of these ...

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Based on a survey of participants in Egypt’s Tahrir Square protests, we demonstrate that social media in general, and Facebook in particular, provided new sources of information the regime could not easily control and were crucial in shaping how citizens made individual decisions about participating in protests, the logistics of protest, and the likelihood of success. We demonstrate that people...

Soʻnggi vaqtlarda asliyatdan, jumladan, ingliz tilidan tarjimalar soni oshdi. Biroq ularning sifati, tahrir darajasi turlicha. Tahrir tarjima matnlar darajasini belgilaydigan, unga bevosita taʼsir qiladigan muhim jarayon boʻlsa-da, bu boʻyicha oʻzbek tilida tadqiqotlar olib borilmagan. Ushbu maqolada oʻgirilgan matn tahririning oʻziga xosliklari, tarjimada til iyerarxiyasining xususiyatlari, ek...