human voyage to the world of ultra sense is a matter of discourses which was widely discussed between nations and the various schools of philosophy, language and many people including leaders of religions and thoughts branches confessed doing such voyages and left some literary reports of their mystical and dreamy travel. the oldest and newest of these reports are shown in this paper and them b...

ibn khaldunis known as a muslim arab historian, sociologist, anthropologist and politian of 8 hijra century (14th a.d. century). he is the founder of the historical science and the pioneer of the civil science and the father of the economics science. in his introduction book3f4, he has predicted the beginning of different sciences for the future generation that today each of them has become a s...

cultural world is a network of presuppositions which is intuitively present behind the consciousness of iranian thinkers like an indisputable, unanalyzable, general background. this network of constructive rules forms the modern iranian political discourses which are studied in this paper in terms of progressivist, identity-seeking, and contemporary political discourses. each of the above polit...

there might be diverse modern schools of reform in any religion. this paper categorizes modern hindu and muslim religious thinkers into three groups based on their traditionalist and modernistic concerns. first group are those with futuristic modern thoughts who give more weight to the future and attempt to make old religions compatible to the modern world and present modern religion deserving ...

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In this article, Ramy Youssef compares historically varying structures and semantics of world political status competition. Early modern rankings that represent the royal titles, or states, respectively, serve as empirical material. It is shown competition in early period can neither semantically nor structurally be distinguished from conflicts, whereas politics framed a distinct social relatio...