The paper as part of a long-running series is devoted to the etymological analysis new segment (namely that with initial dental *z-) Angas-Sura root stock, small group modern languages remotely and ultimately akin pharaonic Egyptian well-known Semitic or Twareg in Sahara etc. Doing so, I wish continue noble tradition initiated by J.H. Greenberg (1958), founding father Afro-Asiatic comparative l...

In Sanskrit philosophy, the closest analogue of intuition is pratibh?. Here, I will focus on theory pratibh? offered by grammarian Bhart?hari (fifth century CE). On this account, states play two distinct psychological roles. First, they serve as sources linguistic understanding. They are means which linguistically competent agents effortlessly understand meaning novel sentences. Second, practic...

0 Introduction The recent w ork in statistical parsing Church 1988, Schabes 1991 and statistical machine translation Brown et al 1990 calls the traditional rule-based view of grammar i n to question. These authors emphasize that grammatical rule systems aiming at syntax-directed translation, and even rule systems aimed at the description of a single language, break down when faced with the actu...

finch,[email protected] [email protected] Abstract The set of features used by any predictive model is of pivotal importance to its performance. In this paper we show the utility and quantify the effect of adding features consisting of arrangements of words and tags (selected by an expert grammarian) in the local context of a trigram tagger. We look in detail at the effect, on tagging w...

The thesis we develop in this essay is that all humans are endowed with a moral faculty. The moral faculty enables us to produce moral judgments on the basis of the causes and consequences of actions. As an empirical research program, we follow the framework of modern linguistics. 1 The spirit of the argument dates back at least to the economist Adam Smith (1759/1976) who argued for something a...

THE normal man of intelligence has something of a contempt for linguistic studies, convinced as he is that nothing can well be more useless. Such minor usefulness as he concedes to them is of a purely instrumental nature. French is worth studying because there are French books that are worth reading. Greek is worth studying-if it is-because a few plays and a few passages of verse, written in th...