B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) have been shown to promote multiple myeloma (MM) cell growth. We show that the main site of production for BAFF and APRIL is the bone marrow (BM) environment, and that production is mainly by monocytes and neutrophils. In addition, osteoclasts produce very high levels of APRIL, unlike BM stromal cells. Myeloma cells (MM...

Metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are used in a large number of high-performance applications. In 2004, more than 3.5 million kg of MMCs were used and the number is increasing rapidly, with an annual growth rate exceeding 6%. Most of the current MMC applications are in ground transportation, aviation, electronics, and sports industries. The initial discovery of the synthesis of cast aluminum-matri...

Mouse mast cells (MCs) express a large number of serine proteases including tryptases, mouse mast cell protease (mMCP)-6 and -7; chymases, mMCP-1, -2, and -4; and an elastase, mMCP-5; along with carboxypeptidase-A3 (CPA3). In helminth-infected mouse intestine, distinct protease phenotypes are observed for connective tissue MCs (CTMCs) (mMCP-4(+)-7(+), and CPA3(+)) and mucosal MCs (MMCs) (mMCP-1...

We report herein the designed synthesis of four silver(I)- or gold(I)-bridged flexible metalla-macrocycles (MMCs) and their distinct performance in the surface modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The resulting gold(I)-MMCs-modified AuNPs were found to be resistant to pH variation and capable of binding with metal ions.

We induced differentiation of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMCs) and menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MMCs) into endometrial stroma-like cells, which could be useful for cell therapy to support embryo implantation. Interestingly, the expression patterns of surface markers were similar among AMCs, MMCs, and endometrial stromal cells. In addition, whereas treatment ...

One of the biggest motivations behind the development of the metal matrix composites (MMCs) is the improvement of the mechanical wear resistance of the unreinforced metallic matrix material mainly by the load-bearing effect of the hard reinforcement phases. However, in a large number of applications, MMCs are also required to operate in intimate contact with aqueous environments, which may lead...

Morbidity and mortality conferences (MMCs) have become a vital element of patient care, sitting at the intersection of medical education, quality improvement and risk management. MMCs may have increased in importance as a staple of safety education since the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has identified that the discussion and analysis of adverse events in a structured fas...

Inhibition of the proteasome is a widely used strategy for treating multiple myeloma that takes advantage of the heavy secretory load that multiple myeloma cells (MMCs) have to deal with. Resistance of MMCs to proteasome inhibition has been linked to incomplete disruption of proteasomal endoplasmic-reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) and activation of non-proteasomal protein degradatio...

Aerospace engine and airframe designers are constantly seeking lighter weight high strength materials to reduce weight and improve performance of powerplants and aircraft. Titanium metal matrix composites (Ti MMCs) have offered the promise of significant weight savings since their initial development in the early 1960s but until recently, their inadequate quality and reproducibility combined wi...

Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) sought over other conventional materials in the field of aerospace, automotive and marine applications owing to their excellent improved properties. These materials are of much interest to the researchers from few decades. These composites initially replaced Cast Iron and Bronze alloys but owing to their poor wear and seizure resistance, they were subject...