نتایج جستجو برای: mixing ratios of water classes including cloud water
تعداد نتایج: 21256595 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
one of the most dazzling events in the atmosphere is lightning. during updrafts in the life cycle of cumulus clouds, collision of graupels and ice crystals in the presence of liquid water results in vertical separation of electrical charges and lightning. there are four types of lightening depending on the location of discharge. the first type is cloud-to-ground lightning or fork lightning that...
drought is transient phenomenon , slow , repetitive and integral part of the climate of each region. drought begins with a substantial reduction in precipitation over the long-term average rainfall and over time, reduced soil moisture and surface and ground water resources will continue to decrease. this phenomenon is the most important in bakhtegan basin because of its importance in strategic ...
the west of esfahan province, iran, is one of the most important agricultural areas throughout the country due to the climate variability and life-giving water of zayanderood river. rice is one of the major and economic crops in this area. the most important climatic elements in agricultural activities which should be considered include temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and wind. so...
We have developed a Lagrangian air-parcel cirrus model (LACM), to diagnose the processes controlling water in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). LACM applies parameterised microphysics to air parcel trajectories. The parameterisation includes the homogeneous freezing of aerosol droplets, the growth/sublimation of ice particles, and sedimentation of ice particles, so capturing the main dehydra...
in this study, the effects of oleothermal modification on physical and mechanical peroperties of fir wood (abeis sp.) blocks were examined. at first, some blocks of fir wood with 5 × 20 × 120 cm dimensions were prepared. the blocks were treated in soybean oil. the effects of 3 factors such as treatments temperature (180and 200 °c), holding time (12 and 15 h) and initial moisture content of wood...
[1] Regional tropospheric water balance depends on local mixing rates, moistening and precipitation efficiency associated with cloud processes, and large-scale moisture advection. Conventional data sets are insufficient to disentangle how these processes affect the regional humidity, and models are limited by their need to parameterize many of the pertinent mechanisms, including precipitation e...
run-out-table (rot) is located between last finishing stand and down coiler in a hot strip mill. as the hot steel strip passes from rot, water jets impact on it from top and bottom and strip temperature decreases approximately from 800-950 °c to 500-750°c. the temperature history that strip experience while passing through rot affects significantly the metallurgical and mechanical properties, s...
results of numerical simulation of intra-cloud electrification depend on a mechanism that determines the sign and magnitude of charge transferred to hydrometeors (including graupels and ice crystals), through their collision (mansell et al., 2005). some of the microphysical processes play an important role in the above mechanism. in order to estimate the amount and sign of the transmitted charg...
[1] A single-column model coupled to a bulk microphysics parameterization (with prognostic cloud liquid water, cloud ice, rain, and snow mixing ratios) is evaluated using cloud properties retrieved at the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean experiment (SHEBA) during the period of 1 April to 16 May 1998. Overall, the model accurately simulates the cloud boundaries and total cloud fraction, b...
Aptly named, ice giants such as Uranus and Neptune contain significant amounts of water. While this water cannot be present near the cloud tops, it must be abundant in the deep interior. We investigate the likelihood of a liquid water ocean existing in the hydrogen-rich region between the cloud tops and deep interior. Starting from an assumed temperature at a given upper tropospheric pressure (...
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