Abstract. Following the protocol of fourth phase Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4), we performed numerical experiments targeting distinctive past time periods using Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, Earth System version 2 Long-term simulations (MIROC-ES2L), which is an system model. Setup and basic performance are presented. The Last Glacial Maximum was one m...

Zarrineh River is located in the northwest of Iran, providing more than 40% total inflow into Lake Urmia that one largest saltwater lakes on earth. a highly endangered ecosystem brink desiccation. This paper studied impacts climate change streamflow River. The was simulated and projected for period 1992–2050 through seven CMIP5 (coupled model intercomparison project phase 5) data series (namely...

Introduction: The impact of climate change on food production in South Africa is likely to increase due low rainfall and frequent droughts, resulting insecurity the future. use well-calibrated validated crop models with data important for assessing impacts developing adaptation strategies. In this study, decision support system agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) model was used predict yield using ...

Lakes, either artificial or natural, are greatly important as a component in their catchments’ hydrology, but also ecosystem service providers. However, due to climate change, they have begun face numerous problems with water quality and quantity. Furthermore, general circulation models (GCMs) show future change reduction rainfall increase temperature. The aim of the current study is present an...

captures the maximum possible range of changes in surface temperature and precipitation for three continental-scale regions. We find that, of the CMIP5 GCMs with 6-hourly fields available, three simulate the key regional aspects of climate sufficiently poorly that we consider the projections from those models ‘implausible’ (MIROC-ESM, MIROCESM-CHEM, and IPSL-CM5B-LR). From the remaining models,...

Climate change has been projected to impact negatively on African agricultural systems. However, there is still an insufficient understanding of the possible effects climate crop yields in Africa. In this study, a previously calibrated Environmental Policy Integrated (EPIC) model was used assess future maize (Zea mays L.) yield Eastern Cape Province South The study aimed compare obtained from E...

The distribution and survival of trees during the last glacial maximum (LGM) has been of interest to paleoecologists, biogeographers, and geneticists. Ecological niche models that associate species occurrence and abundance with climatic variables are widely used to gain ecological and evolutionary insights and to predict species distributions over space and time. The present study deals with th...

The goal of this study is to evaluate annual and seasonal inflow from the Volga catchment area Caspian Sea during Last Glacial Maximum (LGM ~21,000 years ago) using paleoclimate modeling data. first approach based on LGM simulation by general circulation models (GCMs) in framework Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4) Coupled (CMIP6). We used four GCMs: INM-CM4-8, MIROC-ES2L, A...