A study was carried out over a two year period (2009/2010 and 2012/2013) on an experimental farm in the Alentejo region (Beja), in southern Portugal where rainfed malt barley (Hordeum distichum L.) is sown at the end of autumn or beginning of winter (November–December). The aim of this experiment was to study the efficiency of the herbicide iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium to control post-emergence b...

The roots of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty, belonging to the Poaceae family, are main source volatile that has substantial value in perfume, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and food industries. study C. volatiles, obtained from plant cultivated Tunisia, using GC GC/MS revealed more than 50 compounds were detected which 14 constituents identified representing 33.87% total. Oleic acid (17.09%) (...

A series of novel methyl (R)-N-benzoyl/dichloroacetyl-thiazolidine-4-carboxylates were designed by active substructure combination. The title compounds were synthesized using a one-pot route from l-cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride, acyl chloride, and ketones. All compounds were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The structure of 4q was determined by X-ray crystallography. The bi...

Growth and electrophysiological studies in roots of intact diclofop-methyl susceptible and resistant seedlings were conducted to test the hypothesis that the herbicide acts primarily as a proton ionophore. The ester formulation of diclofop, at 0.2 micromolar, completely inhibited root growth in herbicide-susceptible oat (Avena sativa L.) after a 96 hour treatment, but induced only a delayed tra...

biofuels are the main substitute to fossil fuels. these fuels are less polluting in compari-son to fossil fuels and can be produced from agricultural material residues for use in die-sel engines. in this research work bioethanol was produced from potato waste. it was de-hydrated in a vapor phase using 3a zeolite and was used in combination with sunflower methyl ester oil and diesel fuel blendin...

wild barley (hordeum spontaneum) has invaded to wheat and barley fields since flamprop-isopropyl was obsolesced in iran. the herbicides of sulfosulfuron and sulfosulfuron + metsulfuron-methyl are able to control it at higher-than-recommended dosages, causing a crop injury. hence, two dose-response experiments in factorial experiment with a completely randomized design with four replications wer...

Abstract Glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed interference in soybean can reduce yield up to 93%. Glyphosate plus dicamba, 2,4-D ester, halauxifen-methyl or pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D applied preplant (PP) provide variable GR control soybean. The objective of this study was determine if the addition saflufenacil metribuzin glyphosate halauxifen-methyl, will improve level and consistency control. Fou...

The problem of microbial growth in fuels, especially biofuels, is a very important issue. Water necessity for to occur. Unfortunately, it hard exclude all water from fuel systems during daily operations, when biodiesel added the mix. aim this work was investigate impact ionizing radiation on selected properties fatty acids methyl esters order evaluate possibility using irradiation techniques st...

Field experiments were carried out over three years (2004-05, to 2006-07) to study the efficacy of a post-emergence dual-purpose herbicide (mesosulfuron – methyl (3%) + iodosulfuron – methyl – sodium (0.6%) + mefenpyr – diethyl (9%) to control Lolium rigidum Gaud. and broad-leaved weeds in no-till wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A ready herbicide mixture was used at three doses (6+1.2, 9+1.8 and ...

Environmental risks resulting from increasing application of herbicides have raised many concerns about human health and safety of agro ecosystems and environment. Hence, it is very important to find practical and effective methods for reducing the use of pesticides in environment as well as the increasing the efficiency of these compounds. Addition of adjuvants to spray solutions could be cons...