Two trials were conducted to identify the optimal levels of essential oil active components (EOAC) and their combination with fumarate on in vitro rumen fermentation. In trial 1, eugenol, carvacrol, citral and cinnamaldehyde were mixed at ratios of 1:2:3:4, 2:1:4:3, 3:4:1:2, 4:3:2:1 and 1:1:1:1 to make up five combinations (EOAC1, EOAC2, EOAC3, EOAC4 and EOAC5 respectively). The mixtures were s...

Rumen is a persistent and specific ecosystem consists of bacteria, protozoa and fungus where feed fermentation takes place in it. Produced Hydrogen in rumen can be used in the synthesis of the volatile fatty acids and the microbial protein and its excess would be eliminated through the production of Methane by methanogenesis. Nutritionists have tried to find ways to decrease loss and energy and...

in this trial, the effect of different levels of echum amoneum (ea) (0.3, 30, 300 or 3000 µl) on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane production was assessed. the parameters studied were in vitro gas production (ivgp), methane production, ammonia (nh3-n) concentration, in vitro organic matter degradability (ivomde), partitioning factor (pf) (the ratio of substrate truly deg...

in order to establish the appropriate methane fermentation technology for low strength wastewater, a 2.0 l egsb reactor was operated at 20â°c with 0.3 - 0.4 g cod/l of sucrose-based synthetic wastewater for 500 days. at the start up period, the reactor was operated in egsb mode with a 5 m/h up flow velocity by continuous effluent recirculation. however, the egsb reactor exhibited insufficient c...

the effect of three levels (0, 28.65, 57.31mg /200mg substrate) of golpar (heracleum persicum: hp) on in vitro rumen ecosystem and on methane production was assessed. gas production (gp) was recorded from 1 to 54h past of incubation. the parameters studied were in vitro gas production (ivgp), methane production, ammonia-n concentration (nh3-n), in vitro organic matter degradability (ivomde), pa...

BACKGROUND Garlic and its constituents are reported to have been effective in reducing methane emission and also influence glucose metabolism in body; however, studies in ruminants using garlic leaves are scarce. Garlic leaves contain similar compounds as garlic bulbs, but are discarded in field after garlic bulb harvest. We speculate that feeding garlic leaves might show similar effect as garl...

Anaerobic digestion is a complex process involving hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. The separation of the hydrogen-yielding (dark fermentation) and methane-yielding steps under controlled conditions permits the production of hydrogen and methane from biomass. The characterization of microbial communities developed in bioreactors is crucial for the understanding and opt...

Kinetic models which can express the behaviors of hydrolysis and biogas generation more precisely than the conventional models were developed. The developed models were evaluated based on the experimental data of six batch reactors. Anaerobic digestion test was co-digestion of food and vegetable waste with inoculating horse dung by 15% of the total wet weight, at the temperature of 37o</su...

Fermentation in the large bowel has been postulated to play a protective role against colon cancer. Hydrogen and methane are end products of this fermentation process and are absorbed into the bloodstream and excreted via expired air in the breath. Breath levels of hydrogen and, to a lesser extent, methane correlate strongly with colonic fermentation and may serve as useful biomarkers for this ...