In commercial nuclear power plants, many containments use stainless steel bellows at piping penetrations, in dry well-to-wetwell vent lines, or as a part of the fuel transfer tube. Bellows are an integral part of the primary contain ment pressure boundary in nuclear power plants. These bellows allow for thermal expansion and contraction of the pipe, vent line, or fuel transfer tube, and accommo...

We investigated the effect of a small bellows leak (bellows full at end-expiration) on inspired oxygen fraction (Fio(2)), exhaled tidal volume (Vt), airway pressure, and room contamination in an oxygen-driven anesthesia ventilator (Ohmeda 7810, Madison, WI). CO(2) concentration at the ventilator exhalation valve, Fio(2), Vt, and airway pressure were measured (n = 3) while ventilating a CO(2)-pr...

one of the bellows producing method is hydroforming process .whereas some factor of hydroforming process specially internal pressure affects on final characteristics produced bellows such as bursting, wrinkling and wall thickness distribution. in this paper the effect of internal pressure factor in final quality of produced bellows will be investigated. in simulation of process, abaqus/explicit...

Cameras with bellows give photographers exibil-ity for controlling perspective, but once the picture is taken, its perspective is set. We introducèvir-tual bellows' to provide control over perspective after a picture has been taken. Virtual bellows can be used to align images taken from diierent viewpoints, an important initial step in applications such as creating a high-resolution still image...

The purpose of this study was to quantify the performance and agreement between two different external surrogate acquisition systems: Varian's Real-Time Position Management (RPM) and Philips Medical Systems' pneumatic bellows, in the context of waveform and 4D CT image analysis. Eight patient displacement curves derived from RPM data were inputted into a motion platform with varying amplitudes ...

One of the bellows producing method is hydroforming process .Whereas some factor of hydroforming process specially internal pressure affects on final characteristics produced bellows such as bursting, wrinkling and wall thickness distribution. In this paper the effect of internal pressure factor in final quality of produced bellows will be investigated. In simulation of process, ABAQUS/Explicit...

For origami structures, perforating or cutting slits along creases is an effective method to define fold lines and alleviate stress concentrations at vertices. In this letter we show numerically experimentally that for non-rigid-foldable bellows (e.g. Miura-ori, Kresling patterns) the introduction of small cut-outs vertices results in up order magnitude reduction bellows’ stiffness under axial ...

We present a rapid, high-yield fabrication process for Parylene C microbellows for large deflection applications and their characterization. Bellows having different convolution number, wall thickness, inner diameter and outer diameter and layer height were fabricated using a lost wax-like process. The effect of design parameters on overall bellows performance was evaluated through load–deflect...

Examining how increasing distance affects the information content of vocal signals is fundamental for determining the active space of a given species' vocal communication system. In the current study we played back male koala bellows in a Eucalyptus forest to determine the extent that individual classification of male koala bellows becomes less accurate over distance, and also to quantify how i...

This paper investigates the reliability of welded metal bellows used in mechanical seals under specified working conditions. Firstly, considering environment and structural characteristics bellows, a stress relaxation test bench was developed to obtain projectile loss data different compression loads at elevated temperatures. The creep constants for simulation were derived from experimental dat...