Within the fast-and-frugal heuristics framework several strategies have been proposed to describe how people infer unknown criteria from knowledge stored in memory. An open question is how people select between the set of available strategies. We build upon previous work that maps environmental structures into mental representations to carve out for each strategy a cognitive niche, or area of a...

Relying on discussions about recurrent gestures and of negation, in this paper, we aim to demonstrate how the apparent contradiction between negative gestural utterances co-occurring with positive spoken can be explained concepts counterfactuality epistemic stances, developed Mental Spaces Theory framework. To illustrate negation analyzed as a case multiple blends metaphorically interpreted, ch...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia in clinical practice, and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complication and mortality. Several risk factors, such as old age, male sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, valvular disease, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, obesity, and elevated inflammatory marker concentrations have been proposed to increase t...

This paper highlights a psychological phenomenon affecting the accuracy of mental models. It occurs when two consecutive events happen as expected by an operator. Typically, such a situation reinforces the confidence in one’s mental model. However, consecutive events can happen as a random co-occurrence, for reasons that actually differ from the ones believed by the operator. Nonetheless, becau...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a frequent and distressing mental disorder, about which much remains to be learned. It is a heterogeneous disorder; the hyperarousal subtype (about 70% of occurrences and simply termed PTSD in this paper) is the topic of this article, but the dissociative subtype (about 30% of occurrences and likely involving quite different brain mechanisms) is outside i...

Substance use disorders (SUD) and mental health disorders are significant public health issues that co-occur and are associated with high risk for suicide attempts. SUD and mental health disorders are more prevalent among offenders (i.e., prisoners or inmates) than the non-imprisoned population, raising concerns about the risk of self-harm. This cross-sectional study examined the population of ...

We present a general framework for aviation safety occurrence forecasting. This is major component of methodology risk management at national level. It covers novel models as well combinations earlier models. Having good quality and severity forecasting paramount to properly manage risks, maintain the confidence its users preserve status safe transportation mode. The problem involved due presen...

Youth studies represent a research field with visible potential, and its emergence has seen substantial increase in the last decade. A longitudinal bibliometric analysis of sociological articles on youth was conducted using Web Science (WoS) entries, divided into three distinct decades, 1990–2019. From 41 containing keyword “youth” 1990 to 704 2019, this evolution is reflected increasing interc...