a difference in salt concentration in two solutions separated by a membrane leads to an electrical potential difference across the membrane, also without applied current. a literature study is presented on proposed theories for the origin of this membrane potential (ϕm). the most well-known theoretical description is teorell-meyer-sievers (tms) theory, which we analyze and extend. experimental ...

in this review we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms by which the pore-forming bcl-2 family members bax and bak are activated on the mitochondrial outer membrane (mom) in apoptotic cells. we compare the two major working models and conclude that they are both insufficient to explain reality. instead, we need to identify novel binding partners and posttranslational modifications o...

Several lines of evidence indicate that the first steps in the pathogenesis of anlinoglycoside nephrotoxicity involve the accumulation of the antibiotic in the proximal tubule where it interacts with the plasma membrane of epithelial cells' 2) . In brush border membranes, acidic phospholipids and most particularly phosphoinositides, phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol-4phosphate (PI...

several studies have shown that hepatocyte membrane composition changes in patients with cholestasis and cirrhosis. these alterations that are because of intracellular oxidative stress are supposed to be reflected in erythrocyte membrane. the aim of this study was to investigate the modification of erythrocyte membrane along with hexokinase and antioxidant enzymes during development of cirrhosi...

The idea that aberrant cell behaviour can be pinpointed to critical molecular modifications has gained elegant experimental support in studies showing specific nucleic and corresponding amino acid changes in inherited disorders in haemoglobin synthesis and structure. The realization that many physiological processes are membrane mediated, coupled with progress in knowledge of the structure and ...

A number of strategies have successfully extended plant proteomics into the bilayer domain. Important benefits can be afforded by including a well-resolved intact protein mass spectrum alongside peptide identification experiments; recent studies of thylakoid membranes have yielded new information on the primary structure and covalent post-translational modification of many of the integral prote...

Nanocomposite cation exchange membranes (CEMs) were prepared by adding various amounts of functionalized silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles to the sulfonated polyethersulfone (sPES) polymeric matrix. The particles were synthesized first by the co-precipitation method (M0). Different surface modifications were then carried out on them by grafting three functional groups of mercaptopropyl, pro...