Melamine incident, linked to nephrotoxicity and kidney stone in infants previously exposed to melamine-contaminated milk products, was unprecedentedly grave in China in 2008 as little was known about the mechanistic process leading to renal dysfunction in affected children. This study investigates whether neonatal ingestion of melamine leads to renal and vascular dysfunction in adulthood; and w...

The gene encoding melamine deaminase (TriA) from Pseudomonas sp. strain NRRL B-12227 was identified, cloned into Escherichia coli, sequenced, and expressed for in vitro study of enzyme activity. Melamine deaminase displaced two of the three amino groups from melamine, producing ammeline and ammelide as sequential products. The first deamination reaction occurred more than 10 times faster than t...

In this paper, a separation procedure combining molecularly imprinted-solid phase extraction (MI-SPE) was developed for the isolation of melamine. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared using precipitation polymerization method where melamine as template, 9-vinylcarbazole as functional monomer, ethtylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. An...

Eight Döhne Merino rams were used to quantify apparent absorption, distribution to tissues, and excretion of dietary melamine in sheep. Two batches of concentrate pellets were made; one (CON) contained corn gluten meal with no detectable melamine and the other (MEL) contained corn gluten meal that was previously found to be highly contaminated with melamine at 15,117 mg/kg. The MEL pellets cont...

The scandal of melamine-contamination has not been quite blown out, since the toxicity of melamine continues to raise concerns for public health. It has been well known that fetus and infant periods play the most important roles in brain development, whereas little has been done on the harmful effects of melamine on the center nervous system (CNS) of children. In the present study, we investiga...

The impact of melamine-contaminated animal feed ingredients on food safety has become a major public concern ever since melamine was identified as the organic compound responsible for the deaths of a significant number of cats and dogs in 2007 by way of adulterated pet food. Melamine, a common industrial chemical often added to resins to improve flame resistance and proposed as an alternative f...

Two new tris-melamine derivatives, triazine-thio-M(3) (5) (C(3)N(3)-2,4,6-[SCH(2)C(6)H(4)-3-N(CH(2)C(6)H(4)-4-C(CH(3))(3))COC(6)N(3)-2-NHC(3)N(3)(NH(2))(NHCH(2)CH(2)C(CH(3))(3))-5-Br](3)) and benzene-thio-M(3) (6) (C(6)H(3)-1,3,5-[SCH(2)C(6)H(4)-3-N(CH(2)C(6)H(4)-4-C(CH(3))(3))COC(6)H(3)-2-NHC(3)N(3)(NH(2))(NHCH(2)CH(2)C(CH(3))(3))-5-Br](3)), were synthesized by reactions of 2,4,6-trithiocyanur...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the dietary melamine exposure in Chinese infants and young children from the consumption of melamine adulterated Sanlu infant formula. METHODS Four age groups of infants and young children (3, 6, 12, and 24 months) were chosen as the assessed subjects and the maximum amount of infant formula consumption was estimated based on the recommended usage level in the package in...

Albeit the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment after exposure to melamine has not been fully elucidated, factors such as oxidative stress is thought to play potential roles. In the present study, we investigated the effect of treatment with vitamin C (150mg/kg) and vitamin E (200mg/kg) on the impairment induced by melamine. Three-week-old male Wistar rats were submitted to oral gavage with 300...

Renal toxicity by melamine in combination with cyanuric acid (1:1) was investigated. Male rats were orally administered melamine plus cyanuric acid (5, 50 or 400 mg/kg each) for 3 days. In contrast to a negligible effect by melamine alone (50 mg/kg, a no-observed-adverse-effect-level: NOAEL), co-administration with cyanuric acid markedly increased the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and c...