Globally, mediterranean-climate ecosystem vegetation has converged on an evergreen, sclerophyllous and shrubby growth form. The particular aspects of mediterranean-climate regions that contribute to this convergence include summer droughts and relatively nutrient-poor soils. We hypothesised that winter-precipitation implies stressful summer droughts and leaches soils due to greater water availa...

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The victors of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece were awarded crowns made of olive branches. In Antiquity, the symbolism of plants was related to myths, properties, aesthetic values, and civilization. Theophrastus first classifies and identifies plants, and gathers information about them, in his classic books (4th century BC). Symbolic plants are native to the Mediterranean region and they ex...

Mediterranean cypress, an evergreen softwood species, is well-known as Cupressus sempervirens L. var. horizontalis Mill. (Gord). It is an indigenous species of Mediterranean Europe and western Asia, including, Cyprus, Crete, Turkey, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Caucasian and Iran, resembling the Mediterranean climate (Sabeti, 2004). It is belonged to warming period and interglacial climate. Plant struc...