Models of recognition memory have postulated that the mammillo-thalamic tract (MTT)/anterior thalamic nucleus (AN) complex would be critical for recollection while the Mediodorsal nucleus (MD) of the thalamus would support familiarity and indirectly also be involved in recollection (Aggleton et al., 2011). 12 patients with left thalamic stroke underwent a neuropsychological assessment, three ve...

Background Increased mindfulness is associated with reduced alcohol consumption in patients use disorder (AUD) after residential treatment. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanism of AUD unclear. Therefore, we investigate structural and functional alterations thalamocortical system a focus on mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD-TN), default mode salience network (DMN/SN) which has previo...

BACKGROUND Mediodorsal (MD) thalamic nucleus, which is considered to take place between extra pyramidal and limbic feedback circuit, receives projective fibers from ventrolateral neurons of reticular part of substantia nigra (SNr). In order to better understand the influence and chemical reaction of these fibers upon MD nucleus, the morphology and synaptology of them were examined in the presen...

Working memory processes contain not only maintenance but manipulation of the working memory contents. The system of the mediodorsal (MD) nucleus and the prefrontal cortex is considered to contribute to some aspects of the working memory processes. This article studies computationally the characteristics of the integrated cortical and thalamocortical system. The model circuit is operated in the...

We examined the extent of the ferret prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its reciprocal connections with the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) by anterograde and retrograde labeling in 6- to 14-week-old male ferrets. Our results indicate that in the ferret, as in other species, MD projects heavily to the PFC although it also projects to other cortical and subcortical structures. The MD projectio...

Discussion Anatomical and functional data The MDTN is the second largest nuclear aggregation located within the medial part of the thalamus and is closely related to the centromedian/parafascicular nucleus complex3. Distinct thalamic nuclei, like the MDTN and centromedian/parafascicular complex, are embedded in different basal ganglia-thalamocortical loops, which integrate cognitive and emotion...

Empirical and theoretical studies implicate thalamocortical circuits in schizophrenia, supported by emerging resting-state functional connectivity studies (rs-fcMRI). Similar but attenuated alterations were found in bipolar disorder (BD). However, it remains unknown if segregated loops within thalamocortical systems show distinct rs-fcMRI alterations in schizophrenia. For instance, the mediodor...

The mediodorsal nucleus (MD) is the thalamic gateway to the prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain associated with spatial and object working memory functions. We have recorded single-neuron activities from the MD nucleus in monkeys trained to perform spatial tasks with peripheral visual stimuli and a nonspatial task with foveally presented pictures of objects and faces-tasks identical to thos...

The historical bases of the definitions of the prefrontal cortex are reviewed (cytoarchitecture, electrical unexcitability, afferents from the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus). Evidence is presented that the widely accepted proposal of Rose and Woolsey (1948) to name all cortex prefrontal that is reached by afferents from the mediodorsal nucleus is questionable for three reasons: the diversity of ...

The mediodorsal nucleus of the human thalamus is in a crucial position that allows it to establish connections with diverse cerebral structures, particularly the prefrontal cortex. The present review examines existing neurobiologic studies of the brains of people with and without schizophrenia that indicate a possible involvement of the mediodorsal nucleus in this psychiatric disorder. Studies ...