The present article focuses on the conditions that allow governments to increase property rights protection because they expect enough income from such action. We develop a behavioral explanation, according to which the answer lies in the growth in the importance, size, and wealth of merchant guilds in the medieval era in Western Europe as well as a somewhat surprising effect of volatile price ...

Tantra and Ayurveda are interrelated, particularly during medieval period, Tantra had great impact on the theory and practice of Ayurveda. Hitherto this aspect of history is not sufficiently explored. In this paper, influence of Tantra on Sarngadhara, a representative author of the medieval period, has been vividly brought out.

cataract has a long history and was known about 2500 bc in egypt. in the medieval times, physicians and surgeons used surgical approaches to ease cataract (āb morvārid). albucasis, as a great spanish muslim surgeon (936-1013 ad) has a detailed and accurate description of cataract surgery procedure and patient care in his manuscript, al tasreef. his description can show surgical development to e...

The Regesta Imperii (RI) are an important source for research in European-medieval history. Sources spread over many centuries of medieval history – mainly charters of German-Roman Emperors – are summarized as “Regests” and pooled in the RI. Interesting medieval demographic groups and players are i.a. cities, citizens or spiritual institutions (e.g. bishops or monasteries). Themes of historical...

Charles H. Talbot, PhD, BD, BCL, died at his home in London on 13 September 1993 of a stroke at the age of eighty-seven. He was best known to medical history as a leading expert on medieval England. He also made notable contributions to the fields of Cistercian studies and the history of the Anglo-Saxon church. Born in Portsmouth in 1906, Charles Talbot received his education at Mundella School...