BACKGROUND AND AIM: The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the effect of levamisole on treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS).METHODS: An electronic search was executed in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus after determining the research question using the appropriate Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) term covering the period from 1975 to 2015. Additional publications from hand se...

Awell-recognized cause of secondary hypertension is renal artery stenosis (RAS), but uncertainty exists regarding whether it is worthwhile to actively search for this condition. First, the diagnosis of RAS requires either an invasive procedure (digital subtraction angiography [DSA]) or a noninvasive yet costly investigation such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or CT angiography (CTA). O...

Disciplinary studies on metadiscourse in academic texts have come a rather long way (since the 1980s) to afford an awareness of the ways authors strive to signal their insights into their materials as well as their audience. However, few comprehensive corpus-based studies to date have provided a starting point for shaping our understanding of subdisciplinary and paradigmatic diversities within ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a lesion of the oral cavity with an unknown etiology. Several studies have been performed on the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in RAS. The main purpose of this paper was to review TNF-α level and its gene polymorphism in patients with RAS, the factors influencing the production of TNF-α, a...

a. At 5 years (median 34 months), correction of renal artery stenosis (RAS), by balloon angioplasty with or without stenting (no distal protection) has no beneficial effect on blood pressure (BP) compared with medical therapy and is associated with an adverse event rate of 10–25%. (Level I Evidence) b. At 5 years (median 34 months), correction of RAS, by balloon angioplasty with or without sten...

a. At 5 years (median 34 months), correction of renal artery stenosis (RAS), by balloon angioplasty with or without stenting (no distal protection) has no beneficial effect on blood pressure (BP) compared with medical therapy and is associated with an adverse event rate of 10–25%. (Level I Evidence) b. At 5 years (median 34 months), correction of RAS, by balloon angioplasty with or without sten...

OBJECTIVES The authors reviewed published clinical trial data on the effects of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition for the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF), aiming to define when RAS inhibition is most effective. BACKGROUND Individual studies examining the effects of RAS inhibition on AF prevention have reported controversial results. METHODS All published randomized controlled...

Abstract Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has been widely accepted in the clinical routine around world with a focus on urology, gynecology and general surgery. Even transoral robotic (TORS) is applied regular basis some specialized medical centers. However, anatomical constraints delicate procedures at anterior skull base prevent introduction of RAS until today. We have performed an extended liter...

Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (RAS) is relatively common and often associated with reversible hypertension, progressive renal insufficiency, and/or coronary-independent pulmonary edema. Not all RAS is associated with renovascular hypertension. Historical and physical findings may suggest renovascular hypertension and warrant investigation for RAS. Noninvasive diagnostic imaging options ...