The implicit association test (IAT) is typically used to assess nonconscious categorization judgments that are "under control of automatically activated evaluation" (Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998, p. 1464) and that are usually considered independent of explicit judgments. The present study builds on recent work suggesting evidence of short-term modifiability of the IAT effect. Specificall...

In reporting Implicit Association Test (IAT) results, researchers have most often used scoring conventions described in the first publication of the IAT (A.G. Greenwald, D.E. McGhee, & J.L.K. Schwartz, 1998). Demonstration IATs available on the Internet have produced large data sets that were used in the current article to evaluate alternative scoring procedures. Candidate new algorithms were e...

Experiment 1 used the Implicit Association Test (IAT; A. G. Greenwald, D. E. McGhee, & J. L. K. Schwartz, 1998) to measure self-esteem by assessing automatic associations of self with positive or negative valence. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that two IAT measures defined a factor that was distinct from, but weakly correlated with, a factor defined by standard explicit (self-report...

The Implicit Association Test (Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) is a categorization task intended to measure the strength of associations between concepts. The present research investigated the influence of individual stimuli on IAT effects. Exploring implicit attitudes of East and West Germans, we systematically manipulated relatedness of target stimuli to the attribute dimension and, simu...

Two studies investigated the use of the Implicit Association Test (IAT; A. G. Greenwald, D. E. McGhee, & J. L. K. Schwartz, 1998) to study age differences in implicit social cognitions. Study I collected IAT (implicit) and explicit (self-report) measures of age attitudes, age identity, and self-esteem from young, young-old, and old-old participants. Study 2 collected IAT and explicit measures o...

This research examines whether social norms regarding a stigma’s protection from prejudice differentially affect explicit and implicit threat reactions to the stigmatized, and the degree to which such differences can be accounted for by socially desirable responding, internalized egalitarian values, and dual attitudes about stigmatized individuals. Participants (N = 78) completed a traditional ...

The interaction of a new derivative of thiazole orange (TO-3) with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) has been investigated by fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy. When TO-3 binds to ctDNA, absorption bands exhibit significant hypochromicity at low base pair/dye ratio (BP/D ratio), and high BP/D show hyperchromicity with red shift. The spectral changes are attributed to the different species formed b...

The Implicit Association Test and its variants have become pervasive measures of attitudes in a variety of domains and contexts. In two experiments, we provide evidence that a recent variant, the Personalized IAT developed by Olson and Fazio (2004) may more accurately detect changes in personal attitudes than the conventional Traditional IAT devised by Greenwald, McGhee, and Schwartz (1998). Ou...

The Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) is a computer-based categorization task that measures concept association strengths. Greenwald et al. (1998) demonstrated that participants completed the categorizations more quickly when pleasant and flower shared a response key than when pleasant and insect shared a response key, and when pleasant and White shared a resp...

There is growing evidence for the role of automatic mental processes in substance use. Recent research suggests that mindfulness training may be a useful treatment for substance use disorders and theoretical analyses suggest mindfulness works by decoupling the relation between automatic appetitive responses and actual behavior. The current study was designed to examine whether mindfulness moder...