Instructors can use both “multiple-choice” (MC) and “constructed response” (CR) questions (such as short answer, essay, or problem-solving questions) to evaluate student understanding of course materials and principles. This article begins by discussing the advantages and concerns of using these alternate test formats and reviews the studies conducted to test the hypothesis (or perhaps better d...

The γ-index test has been commonly adopted to quantify the degree of agreement between a reference dose distribution and an evaluation dose distribution. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation has been widely used for the radiotherapy dose calculation for both clinical and research purposes. The goal of this work is to investigate both theoretically and experimentally the impact of the MC statistical fluc...

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between gross motor coordination (MC) and academic achievement (AA) in a sample of Portuguese children aged 9-12 years. The study took place during the 2009/2010 school year and involved 596 urban children (281 girls) from the north of Portugal. AA was assessed using the Portuguese Language and Mathematics National Exams. Gross MC was evaluated with the Kör...

Chilenski and Miller [1] claim that the error detection probability of a test set with full modified condition/decision coverage (MC/DC) on the system under test converges to 100% for an increasing number of test cases, but there are also examples where the error detection probability of an MC/DC adequate test set is indeed zero. In this work we analyze the effective error detection rate of a t...

Momordica Charantia (MC) is one of the most famous traditional plant worldwide, used for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. In the present study possible protective effect of MC in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic neuropathy in mice was evaluated. STZ induced diabetic mice were orally administered MC at various doses (200 800 mg/kg) for six weeks. Diabetes induced neuropathic...

Software testing is particularly expensive for developers of high-assurance software, such as software that is produced for commercial airborne systems. One reason for this expense is the Federal Aviation Administration’s requirement that test suites be modified condition/decision coverage (MC/DC) adequate. Despite its cost, there is evidence that MC/DC is an effective verification technique an...

Testing is very expensive for high-assurance software, like commercial aircraft systems, weapon research, weather forecast, earthquake forecast, and software used for safety critical system. A small and simple flaw in the end product can be enough for destroying the entire effort of the developer with a huge unrecoverable damage to the society. For this reason, Federal Aviation Administration’s...

This study examined motor competence (MC) behavior in 6to 14-year-old children, and investigated the differences in health-related fitness (HRF) between high and low MC groups, according to sex and age. A sample of 564 children (288 males) participated in this study, divided into three age groups (6–8 years; 9–11 years; 12–14 years). Total MC and its three components (stability, locomotor, and ...

OBJECTIVES Third-body wear is believed to be one trigger for adverse results with metal-on-metal (MOM) bearings. Impingement and subluxation may release metal particles from MOM replacements. We therefore challenged MOM bearings with relevant debris types of cobalt-chrome alloy (CoCr), titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) and polymethylmethacrylate bone cement (PMMA). METHODS Cement flakes (PMMA), CoCr a...