Anthocyanins in grapes. Red wine color is incredibly complex. Any given wine is composed of hundreds of dynamic chemicals that are interacting and changing during the winemaking process. While evolution of color from purple-red to brick red in Vitis vinifera wines is familiar to both winemaking and scientific communities, the color of hybrid wines is less predictable, and often varies from the ...

The concentration of trans-resveratrol in 165 grape cane samples from three major grape production regions and four large distribution centers of Chinese wild Vitis species were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the different genotype groups and purpose of uses, cultivars of V. vinifera had much higher amounts of trans-resveratrol than did the cul...

Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important mechanisms to control cellular functions in response to external and endogenous signals. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are universal signaling molecules in eukaryotes that mediate the intracellular transmission of extracellular signals resulting in the induction of appropriate cellular responses. MAPK cascades are composed of four ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is the most serious complication of rhabdomyolysis. In this syndrome, the delivery of heme pigment induces an injury that distinguishes itself by glomerular vasoconstriction and direct cellular toxicity with oxidative component. The renoprotection with antioxidants has demonstrated satisfactory effect. The proanthocyanidins are natural ant...

The effect of V. vinifera seeds on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and other enzymes of the liver in diabetes is currently unknown. We therefore investigated changes in the activity levels of these enzymes following V. vinifera seed extract administration to diabetic rats. Methods. V. vinifera seed ethanolic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg/day) or glibenclamide (600 μg/kg/day) was administered to ...

Rubisco is a very large, complex and one of the most abundant proteins in the world and comprises up to 50% of all soluble protein in plants. The activity of Rubisco, the enzyme that catalyzes CO2 assimilation in photosynthesis, is regulated by Rubisco activase (Rca). In the present study, we searched for hypothetical protein of Vitis vinifera which has putative Rubisco activase function. The A...

BACKGROUND Fruits of Vitis vinifera L., commonly known as grapes, are largely consumed worldwide because of their high nutritional and medicinal benefits. CONTEXT AND PURPOSE The present study investigated effects of V. vinifera fruits in ovalbumin-induced animal model of bronchial asthma. METHODS Male wistar rats (except group 1) were sensitized with allergen (ovalbumin, 40 mg/rat + alumin...

BACKGROUND The aerial parts of Vitis vinifera (common grape or European grape) have been widely used in Ayurveda to treat a variety of common and stress related disorders. In the present investigation, the seed extract of V. vinifera was evaluated for antistress activity in normal and stress induced rats. Furthermore, the extract was studied for nootropic activity in rats and in-vitro antioxida...

Abtract: The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Fabiaceae) and seeds of Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf (Fabiaceae) and Raphia vinifera L. (Arecaceae) were tested on the second instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae (L) at varying concentrations. With percentage mortality, T. tetraptera (59.17%) in ethanol was the most effective followed by D. regia (42.78%) ...

The increasing level of hazardous residues in the environment and food chains has led the European Union to restrict the use of chemical fungicides. Thus, exploiting new natural antagonistic microorganisms against fungal diseases could serve the agricultural production to reduce pre- and post-harvest losses, to boost safer practices for workers and to protect the consumers' health. The main aim...