BACKGROUND Measles vaccine (MV) has a greater effect on child survival when administered in early infancy, when maternal antibody may still be present. METHODS To test whether MV has a greater effect on overall survival if given in the presence of maternal measles antibody, we reanalyzed data from 2 previously published randomized trials of a 2-dose schedule with MV given at 4-6 months and at...

BACKGROUND Infants are at greatest risk for pertussis morbidity and mortality. Maternal vaccination during pregnancy has been shown to prevent pertussis in young infants in high- and middle-income countries. However, data on the levels of maternal pertussis antibodies and the efficiency of transplacental transfer in low-income South Asian settings are limited. OBJECTIVE To estimate the preval...

BACKGROUND Maternal antibody is the major form of protection against disease in early life; however, its presence interferes with active immunization of offspring. In order to overcome the immunosuppression caused by maternal antibody, several immune strategies were explored in this paper using mouse model and influenza vaccines. RESULTS The results showed that: i) when the offspring were imm...

In a prospective study involving 150 mothers and their offspring in Jamaica, we examined maternal viral factors associated with the risk of transmission of human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Overall, the incidence of HTLV-1 infection among children was 8.3 occurrences per 1000 person-months. A higher maternal provirus level (odds ratio [OR], 1.9 per quartile) and a higher HTLV-1 antibo...

BACKGROUND Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood mortality globally. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral cause of pneumonia. Maternal serum antibody protects infants from RSV disease. The objective of our study was to characterize RSV antibody levels in mother-infant pairs. METHODS Serial serum samples were collected from mother-infant pairs in Bangladesh from ...

Passive antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) acquired through colostrum intake may interfere with the development of a protective immune response by calves to this virus. The objective of this study was to determine if calves, with a high level of maternal antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), develop CD4(+), CD8(+), or gammadelta T lymphocyte responses to BVDV in the absenc...

BACKGROUND Maternal antibodies can interfere with foot-and-mouth disease vaccination. In this study we determined whether intratypic heterologous vaccination could help to improve herd immunity. RESULTS In unvaccinated calves, a half-life of maternal antibodies of 21 days was determined. At two weeks of age, calves without maternal antibodies showed a good antibody response against both vacci...

Abstract Maternal Tdap vaccination during pregnancy is recommended to protect infants from pertussis, pre-vaccination. However, it unclear whether maternal immune responses improve following booster. We present analysis of pre- and post-Tdap booster, pregnant women (Pw) primed by whole cell vaccines, who received booster pregnancy, compared boosted non-pregnant (NPw). antigen specific serum ant...

BACKGROUND In the US, influenza vaccination is recommended annually to everyone ≥6months. Prior receipt of influenza vaccine can dampen antibody responses to subsequent vaccination. This may have implications for pregnant women and their newborns, groups at high risk for complications from influenza infection. OBJECTIVE This study examined effects of prior vaccination on maternal and cord blo...

in order to estimate the mean of maternal antibody in calves against bhv-1 (bovine herpes virus type 1), this study was carried out in a population of calves from non-vaccinated dairy cattle at 2 livestock in qazvin province. one hundred thirteen sera out of 512 were collected from 1-4 months unvaccinated calves. we used blocking –percentage of maternal antibodies against bhv-1, which obtained ...