Background and Aims: Vaccine is available, but fetal infection with rubella virus is still a main cause of congenital birth defects and mental retardation in many countries. Mass vaccination campaigns and Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) have increased vaccine coverage in the world with a substantial impact on the reduction of rubella infections, such as Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)....

I briefly review various schemes of neutrino mass generation which are motivated by present experimental hints from solar and atmospheric neutrinos as well as cosmological data on the amplitude of primordial density fluctuations.

To explore the efficacy of four vaccine-based policy strategies (ring vaccination, targeted vaccination, mass vaccination, and pre-vaccination of healthcare personnel combined with ring vaccination) for controlling smallpox outbreaks in Sweden, disease transmission on a spatially explicit social network was simulated. The mixing network was formed from high-coverage official register data of th...

Administrative coverage data are commonly used to assess coverage of mass vaccination campaigns. These estimates are obtained by dividing the number of doses administered by the number of children of eligible age, usually at the health district level. This study used data from a cluster survey conducted in each of the 53 Burkina Faso health districts immediately after 1999 the National Immuniza...

A major epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease affected Argentina during 2001. The epidemic was controlled by mass-vaccination of the national herd and movement restrictions. The median herd disease reproduction ratio (RH) decreased significantly from 2.4 (before the epidemic was officially recognized) to 1.2 during the mass-vaccination campaign and < 1 following the mass-vaccination campaign. The ...

The corrected text should be: “Under those assumptions, in the Netherlands mass vaccination with NYCBH would lead to 9.8 deaths (95% CI [0, 30]), mass vaccination with Lister to 55.1 deaths (95% CI [7, 182]), and mass vaccination with Bern would lead to 303.5 deaths (95% CI [19, 1093]). In Germany mass vaccination with NYCBH would lead to 46.2 deaths (95% CI [6, 142]), mass vaccination with Lis...

In order to contain a measles outbreak in a German asylum-seekers' shelter, serological testing of all residents was performed, followed by selective vaccination of those with negative test results/not tested. In this paper we describe the outbreak epidemiologically and then compare the implemented strategy with a hypothetical mass vaccination of all individuals unvaccinated or with unknown vac...

We evaluated the measles-rubella mass vaccination campaign in the Islamic Republic of Iran in December 2003. Vaccination coverage, community awareness of the campaign and the quality of vaccination services were assessed in the population covered by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. At the end of the campaign 96.4% (95% CI: 94.6%-98.2%) of the population sample (n = 390) had been vaccinate...

This paper provides a short review of some of the basic concepts related to the origin of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The various ideas which have been put forward to explain the initiation of CMEs are categorized in terms of whether they are force-free or non-force-free and ideal or nonideal. A few representative models of each category are examined to illustrate the principles involved. At...

Dear Editor, I read the paper “mass measles vaccination campaign in Aila Cyclone-affected areas of West Bengal, India” by Malik and colleagues published in the December, 2011 issue of IJMS. The paper described a program of mass measles vaccination that was a good experience for health authorities.1 However, some issues should be considered in health policies for the prevention of measles. Measl...