Pseudarthrosis and delayed union are two types of malunion events that can occur during fracture healing, and it is necessary to define and recognize the differences between them. Pseudarthrosis is defined as a case of consolidation failure in which a false joint is formed, including the presence of synovial fluid. Delayed union, or a delay in the fracture consolidation, is a condition where co...

Forearm rotation occurs around an axis connecting the center of the radial head and the fovea of the distal ulna. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the usefulness of the difference between forearm and proximal radial axis in the treatment of malunited forearm fractures. We reviewed the results of eight corrective osteotomies for malunited fractures of the forearm without dislo...

We describe a technique of lengthening osteotomy of the fibula for the late treatment of symptomatic malaligned or malunited fractures of the ankle. Good results at two to three years were achieved in five of six cases despite delays of up to four years from the original injury. The method can prevent progressive instability and degenerative arthritis.

BACKGROUND Corrective osteotomy for malunited diaphyseal forearm fractures remains a challenging procedure. We developed a computer-assisted system for corrective surgery, including a three-dimensional simulation program and a custom-made osteotomy template, and investigated the results of corrective surgery for malunited diaphyseal forearm fractures with use of this technology. METHODS Twent...

Treatment of acute ankle fractures is clear in the approach; however, questions about delayed repair of chronic malunited ankle fractures still remain. Illustrated here is a case report of a 49 year old female that presented with a bimalleolar malunion, with severe lateral talar displacement and valgus position. She presented to our clinic 8 months following the initial injury. In the presence ...

In a prospective trial, 10 patients underwent inter-fragmentary screws and external fixation for unilateral tibial shaft fractures. Anatomical reduction was achieved in all cases and uncomplicated bone union occurred in nine patients with a mean time to union of 122 (SD 20) days. One patient had delayed union and the fracture malunited. A 20% pin tract sepsis rate was encountered. The high risk...